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Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security： Promote the sinking of high-frequency services such as social security cards, insurance registration and unemployment registration.

　　On February 22nd, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security held a press conference to introduce the progress of human resources and social security in 2021.

　　Xie Yuan, deputy director of the Ethics Office of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, said that from 2018 to 2021, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security deployed and implemented a three-year special campaign for ethics construction in the whole system, vigorously promoted the "clearing matters, reducing materials and pressing time limits" in the field of human resources and social security, and implemented two actions in depth, one was the quick action of human resources and social security services, and the other was the innovation and promotion action of information-based convenience services for human resources and social security, and comprehensively implemented the system of informing and promising proof matters and extensively carried out human resources and social security. This year, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security will, on the basis of consolidating the achievements already made, organize and implement actions to improve the work style, further highlight the problem orientation and effect orientation, pay more attention to the needs of the enterprise masses, take more targeted measures to continuously optimize the human and social services, and continuously enhance the sense of acquisition of the enterprise masses, focusing on four new measures:

　　First, based on letting the masses of enterprises know the policies at the first time, establish and improve the direct mechanism of policy measures. Letting the enterprise people know the policy is the key link to implement the policy. Starting from this year, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security will establish and improve the working mechanism of policies and measures directly reaching the masses of enterprises and grassroots units. For policies and measures that are closely related to the masses of enterprises, we will strive to be able to enter the enterprise, the community, the school and the hall in the first time after the introduction, and let the masses of enterprises know it in the first time, that is, the policy is introduced with "four advances and two understandings", which effectively reduces the situation that the masses of enterprises delay or miss enjoying the policy because of information asymmetry. At the same time, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security will continue to strengthen the interpretation of the "understandable and clear" policy treatment of human society, and help the enterprise people better understand the policy with easy-to-understand language, grounded language and more flexible and diverse ways.

　　The second is to deepen the integration reform of "one thing" based on letting the masses of enterprises apply for multi-event joint office. In 2020 and 2021, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security implemented the "Quick Action for People’s Social Services" for two consecutive years, and promoted 10 "one thing" packages such as enterprise start-up, enterprise recruitment, unemployment and retirement at 272 contact points. At present, the phased tasks have been completed. The masses of enterprises only need to go to a window or a platform to handle one thing in the human society department, and submit a set of materials to handle it. This year, we will continue to improve the online and offline processing channels, promote the packaging of 10 "one thing" in all cities, and at the same time, we will explore the introduction of more "one thing" in the eyes of enterprises, so as to achieve more integration of packaging matters, more streamlined certification materials, more standardized service processes, more optimized window platforms, and clearer work instructions. We will continue to strengthen communication and cooperation with relevant departments, and take the lead or cooperate with them to do a good job in cross-departmental integration of "one thing".

　　The third is to create a number of "model rooms" for high-quality services based on making the masses of enterprises do things faster and experience better. In 2021, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security carried out pilot work on the standardization of basic public services in the field of human society in seven provinces including Jilin, Zhejiang, Sichuan, Yunnan, Hubei, Hainan and Chongqing. This year, seven provinces will be guided to take the pilot project as an opportunity to coordinate the needs of the masses of enterprises to do things in a packaged way, speed up, simplify and cross-provincial way, speed up the formulation of a number of advanced and exemplary local standard systems in terms of work procedures, work guidelines, service places, service norms, risk prevention and control, and launch a number of matters that are handled without application, handled on a full-time basis, uncertified and speeded up again, so as to make services better and more efficient. In addition to these seven pilot provinces, more places will be encouraged to actively explore and launch more models of high-quality social services.

　　Fourth, it is based on making the masses of enterprises nearby and doing more, and creating a service circle for people, society and convenience. People’s social services have a wide range, many matters and high frequency, and the demand of enterprises for "doing things nearby and doing more things" is more urgent. To this end, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security insists on grasping both hands, grasping the construction of the window of the Good Society itself, and constantly providing quality services to the masses; Grasp the expansion of service outlets and extend the reach of human society services to the masses of enterprises. This year, we will further rationally expand service outlets such as banks, postal services, supply and marketing cooperatives and grassroots platforms, promote the sinking of high-frequency services such as social security cards, insurance registration and unemployment registration, and continuously extend the reach of human and social services. At the same time, these outlets will also be included in the electronic map of government services of people’s society under construction, and dynamic adjustments will be made in time to ensure that offline locations can be found accurately and nearby, and online websites can be easily linked. For special groups such as the elderly, services such as green channel, full-time agency and appointment processing will also be fully implemented. For groups with limited mobility, we will actively provide on-site services by relying on grassroots agencies. Before the end of this year, efforts should be made to build a people’s social convenience service circle with a 15-minute walk in urban areas and a 5-kilometer radiation in rural areas.

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The ＂parent-infant room＂ is coming, how to better adapt to the parenting needs of working parents？

"I used to take my baby out and often had to hide in the bathroom when changing diapers. Nowadays, the shopping mall has a’ father-baby room’, which is spacious and hygienic, as well as a baby care desk and a milk warmer. Finally, there is no need to hurry. "

　　Recently, Mr. Fan from Beijing shared with reporters that when he was shopping with his 1-year-old son in a shopping mall in Chaoyang District, Beijing, his new "father-baby room" provided him with a lot of convenience.

　　With the increase of dual-career families, the change of parenting concept and the implementation of the "three-child" policy, for some time, in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and other places, there have been "father-baby rooms" or reformed new-style nursery rooms for parents. Compared with the traditional mother-baby room, the newly-built public space takes into account the convenience of fathers’ participation in child-rearing, but it also faces problems such as low functional orientation and insufficient coverage.

　　The reporter found that the promotion of the new nursery is not only a subdivision and upgrade of public facilities, but also reflects the diverse needs of working parents for a child-friendly public environment, and meeting this demand requires the concerted efforts of the government, enterprises and society.

　　There are more and more new nursery rooms.

　　A few days ago, a reporter visited a shopping mall in Chaoyang District, Beijing, and found that at the entrance of the nursery on the fourth floor of the shopping mall, two signs were hung with the words "common parenting" and "a room not only belonging to her", and the sign of the nursery was a man and a woman holding their children together.

　　The reporter saw that in the nursery, there are facilities such as sofa, sink, crib, diaper changing table and bottle heater.

　　In addition, the nursery room is divided into nursery space and nursing space, and there is a "men stop" sign and a partition curtain at the entrance of the independently divided nursing space. In about half an hour, seven families took their children into the nursery, and three of them were accompanied by men.

　　"There are quite a few cases of taking children with my husband. I have been to the maternal and child rooms of many shopping malls before, and some will write’ Men Stop’ at the door. In this case, the father of the child can only wait in the seat outside, and I am too busy to be alone inside. " Ms. Xu, a working mother who came to the nursery of the shopping mall that day, said that as a member of the dual-employee family, she expected more shopping malls to add "father-baby rooms" or new nursery rooms, thus reducing the parenting pressure of working mothers.

　　"The original intention of adding a’ father-baby room’ is to facilitate more treasure dads with babies." Liu Wei, director of the brand center of Beijing Huiduogang Shopping Center, said in an interview with the Workers Daily that the mall is mainly "parent-child-friendly", and more than 70% of the customers are parent-child families. Each floor has a maternal and child room. "It was observed before that many Bao dads would hesitate to walk to the door of the maternal and child room when they were alone with their baby. In order to meet the needs of customers, in April this year, the mall added a’ father and baby room’. "

　　Liu Wei said that the "father-baby room" in the shopping mall was not newly built separately, but was transformed on the basis of the original mother-baby room on each floor, retaining the same functions and facilities as the mother-baby room. "The only difference is that the logo of" father-baby room "was affixed, which clearly served the Bao-dad group who took the baby alone and better protected the privacy of both parents with the baby."

　　Solve the needs of "Bao Dad" with a baby

　　According to Wang Tianyu, deputy director of the Social Law Research Office of the Institute of Law of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, the promotion of "father-baby room" and new-type nursery room is an important innovation in the field of social public services, and it is also a key exploration to improve the birth support policy and build a child-friendly environment. "The expansion from’ mother-and-baby room’ to’ father-and-baby room’ appears to be a subdivision of the function of public space, but in fact it reflects the breakthrough in the concept that the responsibility for child-rearing has shifted to’ shared by parents’ and’ shared by society’."

　　In recent years, the concept of parents’ joint participation in parenting has been popularized. According to the data of China family follow-up survey conducted by China Social Science Research Center of Peking University, among the post-90s fathers whose children are less than 10 years old, Bao Dad spends an average of 2.39 hours a day taking care of their children, which is about 16% more than that of post-1970s fathers.

　　At the same time, workers’ needs for child care are increasingly diversified. "I hope that the’ father-baby room’ is the beginning, which can drive more public places and offices to improve childcare facilities." Ms. Cui, a working mother who works in a science and technology park in Zhengzhou, has expressed the voices of many workers.

　　"For working parents, there are many difficulties in’ traveling with a baby’,’ overtime custody’ and’ emergency care’. If shopping malls, parks, office buildings and other places can provide more childcare space and temporary custody services, it will better solve the urgent needs of working parents. " Ms. Cui said.

　　In this regard, Fan Lina, an associate professor at the Trade Union College of China Institute of Labor Relations, believes that from the perspective of labor security, the promotion of "father-baby rooms" and new-type nursery rooms supports fathers to take on the responsibility of childcare. The essence is that the protection of workers’ rights and interests extends from the workplace to the whole scene of work and life, and its core connection lies in effectively reducing the pressure and worries of workers’ childcare.

　　Some interviewed experts believe that improving accessible childcare facilities in public places ensures that parents in the workplace can participate in social and economic activities with equality and dignity during childcare, so that workers can avoid the limitation of career development caused by inconvenient childcare.

　　"It can also reduce the time cost and psychological cost of child-rearing, and reduce the demand for leave from parents in the workplace because of’ difficulty in carrying milk’ and’ difficulty in walking the baby’, thus improving labor productivity." Fan Lina said that workers will benefit from the action that employers and society share the responsibility of child care, which will be manifested in higher return rate, retention rate and innovation investment.

　　Promote pluralistic co-governance among government, enterprises and society.

　　How to upgrade public facilities to better meet the needs of working parents? Wang Tianyu believes that the design concept of various social facilities needs to be adjusted in time with the changes in population structure, and the functional setting of public space and office space should consider the dual identity of working parents as "workers" and "children-bearers".

　　Wang Tianyu further suggested that on the one hand, with the gradual promotion of flexible office, we can try to equip the childcare space in public places with remote office facilities to help working parents meet office needs when taking care of their children. On the other hand, qualified employers can provide children’s custody services for workers, "which not only solves the problem of bringing children to employees, but also allows them to work with peace of mind".

　　"Parenting facilities in public places should be upgraded from’ fixed facilities’ to’ urban network nodes’." Fan Lina said that the construction of childcare facilities should cover more daily living spaces such as community business centers, libraries, parks and subway stations, and build a "15-minute childcare service circle".

　　"We must also accelerate the digital transformation." Fan Lina suggested that intelligent services such as facility inquiry and reservation should be provided by developing convenience applets, and cooperation with enterprises to implement the member sharing system should be explored.

　　The reporter learned that in recent years, many policies have been introduced to improve childcare facilities in public places and offices, and practice has been accelerated. For example, Shanghai issued documents to regulate the construction, management, operation, maintenance and supervision of maternal and child facilities; The Nan ‘ao Office of Shenzhen Dapeng New District has set up a community nursery point to meet the needs of residents in the area. Xi ‘an No.2 Nursery School set up "Hou Dad Studio" to share the scientific parenting concept with Bao Dad through holding large-scale lectures, educational salons, parent-child games and other activities.

　　"To build a child-friendly environment in which the workplace and public space work together, it is necessary to promote the pluralistic governance of the government, enterprises and society." Fan Lina believes that the government should play a guiding role, incorporate the allocation of childcare facilities into the mandatory standards for the construction of public places, and encourage their implementation through tax incentives and financial subsidies. At the same time, in the transformation of community life circle, priority should be given to the layout of childcare service space. Enterprises should also bear the main responsibility and build a child-care security system for employees with commercial service facilities.

Source: Workers Daily WeChat public account

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Emergency Management Department： Tighten the ＂master switch＂, grasp the ＂bull’s nose＂ and set up the ＂high voltage line＂

　　CCTV News:On April 28th, the State Council Press Office held a press conference to introduce the "Three-year Action Plan for National Special Rectification of Work Safety" and answered questions from reporters.

　　The reporter asked, some localities and enterprises have a weak concept of safe development, a weak sense of red line, and attach importance to development and light safety. How can we reverse this concept and what are the arrangements for the three-year action plan?

　　Shen Zhanli, spokesperson of the Emergency Management Department and director of the Press and Publicity Department, introduced that, first, party committees (party groups) at all levels are required to arrange special study. Combined with the actual situation of the local industry, study and implement measures.

　　The second is to organize safety supervision cadres, enterprise leaders and safety management personnel to conduct batch rotation training. This year, the emergency management system will organize a lecture hall on safety production throughout the year, and other departments and localities will carry out various safety production lecture hall activities in combination with the actual situation. Through leading cadres’ lectures, in-depth lectures by experts and scholars, and interactive lectures by front-line staff, the concept of safety development will be truly rooted in the hearts of the people and can be effective.

　　The third is to carry out regular and systematic publicity and education activities. Recently, the the State Council Safety Committee Office will issue a "five advances" work plan to promote safety publicity, so as to promote safety publicity to enter enterprises, rural areas, communities, schools and families, popularize safety knowledge and cultivate safety culture. At the same time, various media channels are used to widely publicize the principles, policies, laws and regulations of safety production, expose typical cases of violation of laws and regulations, and create a social atmosphere in which safety production must be alarmed, persistent and unrelenting.

　　Only by tightening the ideological "master switch", grasping the "bull’s nose" of the responsibility system for production safety, and setting up the "high-voltage line" governed by law, can we truly hold the bottom line and red line of safe development, thus achieving safe development and high-quality development.

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Donation, transformation, cross-border … See where the abandoned bike-sharing has gone.

　　A Burmese bought ofo and oBike bicycles that were abandoned overseas and donated them to poor children. On June 20th, a batch of modified bike-sharing was sent to a rural school near Yangon. Local students no longer need to walk far to school every day. This is undoubtedly a blessing for those abandoned bike-sharing.

　　Two years ago, bike-sharing was the darling of capital, and the number of bike-sharing in the city was increasing day by day, and eventually it was surplus; A year ago, when the wind blew away, some entrepreneurs who were swimming naked faded, and there were fewer and fewer players in bike-sharing, leaving only abandoned bicycles and bicycle cemeteries. It is estimated that by 2020, at least 10 million bike-sharing vehicles will be scrapped, which will not only occupy public space and land resources, but also produce at least 160,000 tons of municipal waste. So, where have all those deserted bike-sharing gone?

　　donate

　　Non-profit organizations buy bicycles

　　Donate it to Burmese students after transformation.

　　According to foreign media reports, Mike, a foreign entrepreneur, founded a non-profit organization called LessWalk, bought 10,000 bicycles from enterprises in bike-sharing, and plans to donate them to students in Myanmar.

　　In rural Myanmar, it is very common for students to walk a long way to get to school. Some students walk from home to school for more than an hour every day. Many families can’t afford bicycles or motorcycles, and school buses are unheard of for these children.

　　LessWalk made a simple transformation on the bought bike-sharing, added a back seat to them, converted the QR code scanning lock into a common key lock, and then transported them to Myanmar. Most of these bicycles were purchased from liquidators, who controlled oBike’s closed business in Singapore and inherited ofo’s abandoned fleet, which made their purchase price cheaper than ordinary bicycles.

　　At the end of April, the first batch of 3,300 bicycles arrived in Myanmar, and on June 5, another 1,000 ofo bicycles were delivered to the warehouse in Yangon. Mike said that they bought a total of 4000 bicycles from ofo.

　　He said that the average price of bicycles is about S $20 (about RMB 100). Together with transportation, modification and distribution costs, the cost of each bicycle is about 35 US dollars (about RMB 240 yuan). He bought 5000 cars out of his own pocket, and the other half was sponsored by sponsors. Mike hopes to call on friends from all over the world to join his plan to "regenerate" hundreds of thousands of abandoned bicycles.

　　Ofo’s branch in the United States announced in mid-2018 that it would shrink its related business in the United States. A spokesman for ofo in the United States declared: "They will not be thrown into the garbage dump. We hope to leave these little yellow cars here and give them to people who need them." Ofo said that more than 40,000 small yellow cars it put into use will not be abandoned on the streets, nor will they become urban garbage and occupy public resources. At present, it has donated about 3,000 bicycles to local communities and charitable organizations in 10 evacuated cities. In the future, ofo will donate more cars in more cities.

　　After ofo withdrew from India, bicycles were recycled by Bounce, a shared scooter company. After ofo announced the closure of business in Israel and other Middle Eastern countries, it also donated bicycles to local charities.

　　retrieve

　　Sorting bicycles that have reached the scrapping cycle.

　　Ofo promotes recycling

　　In China, ofo claims that bike-sharing has a complete recycling process to ensure that obsolete vehicles can be effectively disposed of.

　　Not long ago, some media reported that thousands of ofo sharing bicycles cars were crushed into scrap iron in a demolition factory in Xuefu Section 2, Wuhou District, Chengdu, and then recycled and transported away by the scrap factory at the price of 15 yuan per car. The relevant personnel of the scrap factory said that there were about 3,000 small yellow cars at the scene.

　　The small yellow car with an ex-factory price of several hundred yuan was eventually sold as scrap iron, and many people expressed "distressed". In this regard, the relevant person in charge of ofo responded that the scrapping clean-up is under the supervision of the government, and the normal management behavior of enterprises on vehicles involves only a very small part of the amount of vehicles put into Chengdu, which has reached the retirement age.

　　Last year, ofo said that it had reached a strategic cooperation with Beijing Vanke, China Circular Economy Association and Beijing Urban Renewable Resources Service Center to promote the recycling of used bicycles, so as to recycle the bike-sharing that has reached the end-of-life cycle and realize the green closed-loop management of the whole life cycle from production, use to recycling.

　　transboundary

　　Mobike made furniture and runways.

　　Realize 100% recycling.

　　On Earth Day on April 22nd this year, mobike and YUUE Product Design Studio in Berlin jointly released a group of creative cross-border cooperation to turn bicycle parts into furniture products, such as recliners, vertical lights, coffee tables, desktop finishing racks, candlesticks, etc. All the raw materials of these furniture are from discarded parts in mobike, which shows the new achievements of mobike’s "life cycle" plan.

　　For example, the mobike classic front fork was transformed into a desktop finishing rack: the front fork has its own internal criss-crossing reinforcing ribs, which naturally divides the container into several parts. The connection between the added PC material and the front fork makes full use of the original screw holes, just like the mortise and tenon structure, and a desktop finishing rack with fashionable appearance and practical function was born.

　　"mobike will be scrapped one day after serving for thousands of kilometers. Although every mobike’s materials can be recycled through recycling, we hope that they can be revived through simple transformation, which is also a more environmentally friendly and energy-saving measure. " Qin Hao, a senior expert on sustainable development in mobike, said. In July 2018, mobike took the lead in putting forward and actively practicing the concept of life cycle environmental protection in the industry. In the whole process of design, procurement, production, delivery, operation and scrapping, the "3R principle" (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle) was implemented, and the used bicycles were 100% recycled, realizing energy conservation and environmental protection in the whole life cycle of mobike.

　　Not long ago, a plastic multifunctional playground made of waste tires from mobike was laid on the playground of Wanhua School in Yan ‘an. According to reports, the particles donated to the plastic site come from the waste tires recycled in mobike, all of which are solid polyurethane tires made of polyurethane materials specially developed by Dow Company. This is another use of recycling in bike-sharing.

　　According to the introduction of mobike, the maintenance records of each vehicle’s components are recorded on the intelligent life cycle management platform in mobike, which can clearly trace the service life of each component, and optimize the design and production of vehicles according to the maintenance records, so as to improve the service life of vehicles and reduce the resource consumption and carbon emissions caused by maintenance. Among them, smart locks, solar panels and wheelsets will be recycled and reused after passing the test. As of a year ago, mobike had recycled more than 300,000 tires in cooperation with manufacturers.

　　In addition, mobike cooperated with China Renewable Resources Development Co., Ltd. and Tianjin Xinneng Renewable Resources Co., Ltd. to provide mobike with professional services such as recycling, dismantling and harmless treatment after the end of bicycle life cycle.

　　transform

　　Hello, waste wheels become cat nests.

　　Recycling according to material differences

　　Not long ago, at the scene of a public welfare activity, the stray cat nest made by parents and children with bike-sharing’s used wheels was very eye-catching. The bottom of the nest formed by overlapping tires ensures a certain distance from the ground, which can not only prevent the nest from being soaked in rainy days, but also increase its own weight and make the nest not easy to topple; The nest is made of three wheels, leaving room for stray cats to move, and waterproof cloth is wrapped to effectively block strong winds and rain.

　　In fact, since last year, Harrow Bicycle has transformed some bicycle waste wheels into stray cat nests, and placed them in the places where stray cats often appear on campus, giving them a warm home in winter.

　　Hellobike said that it will sort and recycle bicycle parts according to their material differences. Metal materials such as the main frame are recycled to make metal ingots for recycling, and the plastic of the car body is granulated for secondary processing, and the parts that cannot be completely decomposed, such as tires and cushions, are treated scientifically and harmlessly.

　　Text/reporter Wen Wei Coordinator/Yu Meiying

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＂Stupid soybean oil＂ 52 yuan／barrel experts said that the purchase should be cautious (Figure)

　　"Stupid goods" not only contains people’s yearning for food safety, but also has memories of past life. With the deepening of this concept, the scope of "stupid goods" is also expanding, no longer limited to "stupid" and "stupid pork", and "stupid soybean oil" has also entered people’s sight …

　　Dare not buy! The finished stupid soybean oil is too cheap.

　　"Recently, there have been many’ stupid oil squeezing’ figures in the grain and oil market, and they are playing traditional cards. We especially like this, especially the old people in my family, who like the pure taste of stupid soybean oil. But I looked around the market and didn’t dare to buy it. " On December 24th, Mr. Liu, a reader of Qigong Street in Tiexi District, broke the news to reporters.

　　Subsequently, the reporter from shenyang evening news came to Shenyang Grain and Oil Market, Beiyi Road, Tiexi District. As soon as he entered the door, he saw the sign of "Stupid Squeezing Soybean Oil" in front of the stalls selling soybean oil. After asking about the price, the reporter learned the reason why readers were afraid to buy it. In the second grain and oil store at the door, the staff in the store told the reporter that 58 yuan/barrel of soybean oil was squeezed foolishly. The owner of a shop next door said that they have a cheaper one, 52 yuan/barrel. However, the price of soybean oil produced by Arowana, Fulinmen, Jiusan and other centralized factories with modern technology is over 50 yuan, up to more than 60 yuan/barrel.

　　"It is said that’ stupid soybean oil’ is better than modern leaching and oil refining processes, and the cost is high, but how can the price be higher or even lower than that produced by modern processes?" Mr. Liu, who broke the news, has doubts. Mr. Cao, a seller of grain and oil market in Shenyang, said that in fact, the cost of crude soybean oil is indeed higher than that of modern technology. The reason why the price of crude soybean oil in barrels is at a low level in soybean oil is because "crude soybean oil" is produced by small manufacturers with little or no advertising, while soybean oil produced by modern technology is large in manufacturers and brands, and many of them are publicity expenses.

　　Dare not sell! The cost is too high to compete with the oil factory

　　"We can’t tell whether this stupid soybean oil is really stupid from the aspects of price and advertising investment, but I can say that the production cost of pure homemade stupid soybean oil is really high." After several twists and turns, the reporter found a farmer’s professional cooperative that once produced "stupid soybean oil" in Shenbei New District. Mr. Wang, the person in charge of this cooperative, told the reporter that the oil yield of stupid soybean oil is 30%, which means that 10 kilograms of soybeans can produce 3 kilograms of soybean oil. At present, the soybean is 2.6-2.7 yuan/kg, that is, 26-27 yuan soybeans can produce 3 kg of crude soybean oil, and the cost of crude soybean oil per kg is about 8.7-9 yuan. The net weight of a 5L barrel of "stupid pressed soybean oil" in the market is about 9.3-9.4 Jin, and the cost of a barrel is 80.91-84.6 yuan.

　　Mr. Wang said that this is only the cost of soybeans, and labor costs account for a large proportion of production costs. Because the so-called "stupid pressing" refers to the traditional technology, from heating soybeans with a fire kang, late frying and finally pressing are all done manually. "The production environment of stupid soybean oil is not acceptable to ordinary people. When heating with a fire kang, it should be turned constantly. The temperature of the whole process should reach above 30 degrees. People working inside can only wear shorts, and few people are willing to do this kind of work." Mr. Wang said that high salary is definitely a good way to attract oil-squeezing workers, but if such a high cost is allocated to a catty of stupid soybean oil, the retail price will definitely exceed that of 10 yuan. But the price is too high, the market consumption capacity is limited, but it is too low and the profit is too small. It is based on this dilemma that they have already stopped the foreign production of soybean oil.

　　Can’t buy it! Our own oil mills are closed.

　　And Mr. Wang’s account is not only faced by their oil mill, but also by other people who were optimistic about the "stupid soybean oil" market. Sure enough, the reporter entered the words "Shenyang Stupid Squeezed Soybean Oil" on the Internet, and there are probably dozens of sales information of his own "Stupid Squeezed Soybean Oil". When the reporter opened at one o’clock, he found that most of the information had expired. Only one piece of information released at 8:43 on July 8 this year is the latest. It says, "Homemade pure soybean oil contains no additives, and the aroma is pure. If you want to eat healthy 100 yuan (more than 9 kg), you are welcome to visit the factory." But when the reporter dialed the phone number above, the other party said that they had long since stopped selling "stupid soybean oil".

　　At this time, an industry insider revealed that "stupid pressed soybean oil" does have a good market scene, but the production cost of pure stupid pressed soybean oil is really high. These two problems are real problems, so now some factories keep the "semi-stupid pressed" process to produce stupid pressed soybean oil. That is to say, the original stupid pressing process is maintained, but the places where manual work is needed for heating the kang, frying beans and pressing are replaced by machines. At the same time, through scientific experiments to find the best oil temperature to improve oil yield. So as to reduce that cost of foolishly squeeze soybean oil. However, when buying "stupid soybean oil", the public must be cautious. If the price is too low, it may be tricky. Pure "stupid pressed soybean oil" smells and tastes like pure beans, but even if the price is higher, it doesn’t have too much fragrance of pure beans.

　　Shenyang evening news reporter Deng Lizhen

　　Soybean oil may increase in price due to "holiday effect"

　　News extension

　　New Year’s Day and Spring Festival are approaching, and many commodities are showing holiday effects, and prices are rising. Soybean oil, as a common welfare and cooking necessity during the two festivals, is also about to face price increases.

　　"Just now, the price of Arowana oil named 1:1 began to adjust. The original 5L barrel was 63.5 yuan, and now it is 64.5 yuan, up by 1 yuan." A seller in Shenyang Grain Logistics Center, Beiyi Middle Road, Tiexi District, Shenyang said that although the market price of other soybean oil has not yet risen, they have learned that the ex-factory price of manufacturers has risen, but the specific increase will not be known until the next purchase. "Every New Year’s Day and Spring Festival, the price of soybean oil will rise to varying degrees, on the one hand, because of the increase in costs, on the other hand, because of changes in market supply and demand." The seller said that the increase is hard to predict, but it is normal to estimate that a barrel of ordinary soybean oil will increase by 2-3 yuan.

　　However, a seller surnamed Cao in Shenyang Grain Logistics Center reminded consumers that there are also ways to save money under the rising trend of soybean oil. First, there is little difference between bottled oil and bulk soybean oil, but the price is different. Take 55 yuan ordinary barrels of soybean oil in 5L as an example, a barrel is about 9.4 Jin, and it is about 5.85 yuan per Jin. The average price of bulk soybean oil monitored by Shenyang Price Bureau in the markets of Northbound, Shashan, Lingwen, Jixiang and Jiulu is 5.1 yuan/kg, with a difference of 0.75 yuan, and a difference of 9.4 kg ×0.75 yuan =7.05 yuan per barrel. Secondly, the price of soybean oil in the wholesale market in each region is different, because regional agents of different brands can automatically float some prices according to local consumption, so it is useful to shop around. Third, at the end of the year and the beginning of the year, many supermarkets focused on soybean oil. Take a supermarket chain in Huanggu District as an example, the promotion price of 93 soybean oil is 53 yuan/barrel, which is lower than their wholesale market retail price of 55 yuan/barrel.

　　Shenyang evening news reporter Deng Lizhen

(Source: shenyang evening news)

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The quality of agricultural products is ＂rising＂ and the quantity is ＂high＂. Green farming and recycling agriculture ensure the sustainable development of farmland

　　CCTV News:The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs released it on January 29th. As a major measure to promote the green development of agriculture, the pilot project of green farming and recycling agriculture started in 2021 has achieved initial results. Green planting and recycling agriculture will be piloted, and manure will be returned to the field nearby to maximize the utilization of resources.

　　In the three years since the pilot project of green farming and recycling agriculture was launched, the central government has allocated a total of 7.402 billion yuan. It will be promoted in 299 counties in major animal husbandry provinces, major grain and vegetable producing areas and key ecological protection areas. Support specialized service organizations to provide services for the collection, treatment and application of manure, drive livestock manure in the county to return to the fields nearby, promote the reduction of chemical fertilizers, and promote the quality improvement of cultivated land and the green development of agriculture.

　　Li Zengyu, deputy director of the Planting Management Department of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, said that since the pilot project of green planting and breeding circular agriculture was launched, a number of service organizations have been cultivated and expanded, and a number of technical models have been integrated and promoted, which has explored experience for the subsequent promotion of green planting and breeding circular agriculture. In 2024, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, together with the Ministry of Finance, will carry out the pilot project of green farming and recycling agriculture.

　　"Turning waste into treasure" from livestock manure to increase production, improve quality and increase efficiency

　　In China, the large amount of livestock and poultry waste and the low degree of resource utilization have always been one of the important reasons for rural non-point source pollution. What changes have taken place in the agricultural production in the pilot counties since the pilot project of green farming and recycling agriculture was launched?

　　Near the Spring Festival, the strawberry planting base in Shucheng, Anhui Province ushered in a bumper harvest season. Growers told reporters that their strawberries have grown well and sold well in the past two years.

　　In 2021, as one of the first pilot projects of green farming and recycling agriculture in China, Shucheng, Anhui Province promoted the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure in rural areas, and produced solid organic fertilizer to be returned to the field through collection and fermentation.

　　In Cheng Feng’s 120-acre strawberry greenhouse, the organic fertilizer pipeline was also connected. Liquid organic fertilizer is evenly delivered to strawberry roots, which not only grows better and tastes better than before, but also greatly reduces the cost.

　　The reporter learned that in order to reduce agricultural non-point source pollution, Shucheng subsidized 200 yuan per ton of fertilizer for growers who participated in the green planting and breeding cycle. In 2023, the county’s pilot area reached 100,000 mu, covering a variety of industries such as grain, fruits, vegetables, tea and Chinese herbal medicines, and digested 300,000 tons of livestock manure from more than 100 farms.

　　The reporter learned that in order to promote the smooth implementation of the green breeding cycle, Shucheng also tests more than 60 batches of organic fertilizers for heavy metal residues and microbial content every year.

　　Explore a variety of technical models of organic fertilizer "point manure into gold"

　　Carry out pilot projects of green farming and recycling agriculture to provide experience for large-scale popularization and application. What good practices have been explored in the pilot counties?

　　These days, in Anjiazhuang Town, Feicheng, Shandong Province, Jing Haijun, a large grain grower, is topdressing more than 3,000 mu of wheat. Different from previous years, in the past two years, he used nano-film to cover the organic fertilizer fermented by the new technology of composting and returning to the field.

　　The reporter learned that the scale of crop planting and livestock and poultry breeding in Feicheng, Shandong Province is relatively large, with an annual straw output of more than 700,000 tons and a livestock manure output of more than 800,000 tons. In order to make full use of these resources, Feicheng explored a variety of extension models of manure returning technology in the pilot project of green planting and recycling agriculture.

　　In addition to the new technology used by Jing Haijun, a large grain grower, there is also a biogas fermentation technology model.

　　The reporter in Hutun Town, Feicheng saw that the earthworm biodegradation model was adopted here. By using advanced culture technology and the principle that earthworms take solid organic wastes as food, the pollution-free, zero-emission and harmless biotransformation of solid organic wastes such as livestock manure, crop straws and rotten vegetable tail leaves is realized.

　　The reporter learned that while exploring effective technology models, Feicheng also encouraged enterprises, cooperatives and other market players to carry out manure collection, treatment and application services through policy support, and cultivated a number of professional service organizations, and the market scale continued to expand.

　　In China, since the pilot project of green planting and recycling agriculture was launched, 10 typical technical models of returning manure to fields have been summarized and refined, with a cumulative application area of more than 61.4 million mu. At the same time, more than 2,500 service organizations for returning manure to fields have been developed, and 890,000 planting and breeding subjects have been connected.

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＂Half of the country＂ that drives the employment of over 300 million people： the service industry has changed the economic outlook of China.

　　Since the founding of New China 70 years ago, China’s service industry has been growing in scale, its comprehensive strength has been continuously enhanced, its quality and efficiency have been greatly improved, and new industries and formats have emerged one after another, gradually becoming the largest industry in the national economy, which has become an important foundation for the stable economic growth of China.

　　As the main source of tax revenue growth, the main field of attracting investment, the main force of new enterprises and the main channel of absorbing employment, the service industry has reached 52.2% in GDP in 2018, becoming a "stabilizer" and "booster" for national economic development.

　　The service industry supports "half of the country"

　　In the early days of the founding of New China, China’s agricultural foundation was weak, industrial quality was not high, and service development was lagging behind. In the whole industrial composition, agricultural residents are dominant. In 1952, the added value of the primary industry accounted for 51.0% of GDP, and the added value of the secondary industry accounted for 20.8%. The added value of tertiary industry accounts for 28.2%. Nowadays, the service industry has become the first pillar of China’s economy, and the overall economic outlook has also changed.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a series of reform measures have been launched to cultivate and promote the development of new economy and new kinetic energy in service industry. Platform economy, sharing economy and digital economy have flourished, and the development of service industry has entered a new stage.

　　According to the data disclosed by the National Bureau of Statistics, from 2012 to 2018, the added value of China’s service industry increased from 24,485.2 billion yuan to 46,957.5 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 7.9%, which was 0.9 percentage points higher than the average annual growth rate of GDP and 1.3 percentage points higher than that of the secondary industry. The proportion of service industry in GDP has further increased, increasing by 6.7 percentage points in six years, exceeding 50% in 2015 and reaching 52.2% in 2018, accounting for half of the national economy.

　　From 1978 to 2018, the contribution rate of service industry to GDP increased by 31.3 percentage points. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the contribution rate of service industry to GDP has shown an accelerated upward trend, increasing by 14.7 percentage points in six years, which is close to half of the growth rate in the 40 years of reform and opening up, and reaching 59.7% in 2018, which is 23.6 percentage points higher than that of the secondary industry.

Composition of Three Industries in China Economy (2009 -2018). Source: National Bureau of Statistics

　　Zhang Jun, chief economist of Morgan Stanley Huaxin Securities, told China Business News that the rising proportion of service industry in China is an inevitable phenomenon as Chinese’s average income moves towards the level of middle-and high-income countries, with the economic structure shifting from investment and export-driven to more consumption-driven.

　　The ability of the service industry to absorb employment has been continuously enhanced. Driven by urbanization, a large number of agricultural transfer population and new labor force have entered the service industry, and the number of employees in the service industry has increased year after year. From 1979 to 2018, the average annual growth rate of employees in the service industry was 5.1%, which was 2.3 percentage points higher than that in the secondary industry. After the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the service industry continued to maintain a growth rate of 4.4%, with an average annual increase of 13.75 million employees. By the end of 2018, the number of employees in the service industry reached 359.38 million, accounting for 46.3%, making it the industry with the most employment in China.

　　Wu Jiang, former president of China Institute of Personnel Science, wrote an article analyzing that the service industry will have a stronger pull on employment in the future. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, with the accelerated growth of new technologies, new industries and new formats, the stratification and personalization of service industry will become more obvious, the employment capacity of producer service industry will increase, and the development momentum of modern service industry related to life is also very good.

　　The ability of service industry to attract foreign investment is also greatly enhanced, and service industry has become the first choice for foreign investment. After the reform and opening up, the scale of foreign direct investment is expanding day by day. From 1983 to 2018, the foreign direct investment increased from 920 million US dollars to 138.3 billion US dollars, with an average annual growth rate of 15.4%.

　　From the investment direction, before 2001, foreign investors mainly invested in manufacturing; After China’s accession to the WTO, the restrictions on foreign investment in the service industry have been further liberalized, and the proportion of foreign investment in the service industry has risen sharply. In 2005, the service industry accounted for only 24.7% of the foreign direct investment, and in 2011 it exceeded 50%, reaching 68.1% in 2018.

　　The transformation and upgrading of the service industry was promoted in an orderly manner.

　　Since the founding of New China 70 years ago, the service industry has changed from simple categories, low regional differences and single public ownership to complete categories, regional coordination and common development of multiple ownership systems. The industrial structure and industrial structure of the service industry are increasingly coordinated and optimized, and the quality and efficiency of development are steadily improved.

　　At the beginning of the founding of New China, the composition of China’s service sector was simple, and the content and form were relatively simple. In 1952, among the service sectors, the added value of wholesale and retail, transportation, warehousing and postal services, accommodation and catering accounted for 35.9%, 14.9% and 7.5% respectively, and the total was close to 60%, which constituted the main body of the service industry.

　　After 70 years of construction, the service industry has become more complete and the development of various departments has become more balanced. The proportion of traditional service industries, such as wholesale and retail, transportation, warehousing and postal services, accommodation and catering, has been declining, reaching 17.9%, 8.6% and 3.4% respectively in 2018, and the total is less than 30%, which is nearly half lower than that in the early days of the founding of New China.

　　Modern service industries, such as finance and real estate, have gradually strengthened their role in supporting the economy, accounting for 14.7% and 12.7% of the added value of the service industry in 2018, up 8.7 and 5.6 percentage points from 1952. Emerging service industries such as information transmission, software and information technology services, leasing and business services have experienced rapid development from scratch, and their influence is growing. In 2018, the added value accounted for 6.9% and 5.2% of the service industry respectively. At constant prices, the average annual growth rate in the past three years is as high as 23.4% and 9.9%, which has become a new kinetic energy to promote the sustained growth of the service industry.

　　Under the impetus of the Internet, the traditional service industries such as wholesale and retail, accommodation and catering have accelerated their transformation and upgrading, and they have relied on new technologies to develop new businesses and new business models such as e-commerce, online ordering and online retailing. From 2015 to 2018, the average annual growth rate of e-commerce transaction volume and online retail sales in China was 17.8% and 28.8% respectively; In 2018, the online retail sales of physical goods accounted for 18.4% of the total retail sales of social consumer goods.

　　In 2018, there were 15 regions in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) where the added value of service industry accounted for more than 50% of the regional GDP. Among them, the proportion of added value of service industry in Beijing and Shanghai reached 81.0% and 69.9% respectively, which was close to the level of developed countries.

　　With the continuous growth of service industry, the trend of regional agglomeration and industry agglomeration has initially appeared. Regionally, the service industry is mainly concentrated in the eastern coastal areas. In 2018, the absolute added value of Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, Beijing and Shanghai ranked the top 6 in the country, accounting for 45.6% of the added value of the national service industry; From the industry point of view, information transmission, software and information technology services, leasing and business services are relatively high. Among the service enterprises above designated size, the sum of the top three provinces’ revenues has exceeded 50% of the national total.

　　Zhang Jun told the First Financial Reporter that since China’s service industry is still mainly focused on residents’ lives, it is still labor-intensive. On the one hand, it can better absorb the labor force, and in the future, it also needs a process of industrial upgrading, such as promoting the industrialization and marketization of high value-added service industries such as finance, medical care and education, and enhancing the competitiveness of these industries at home and abroad on the premise of meeting the basic needs of residents.

　　New kinetic energy of service industry accelerates gestation

　　Since the founding of New China 70 years ago, the service industry has actively adapted to the changes of the times, and new industries and formats have emerged one after another. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the emerging service industry has flourished, new kinetic energy has thrived, and the service industry has ushered in a period of rapid development.

　　The producer service industry has entered a period of rapid growth, supporting the manufacturing industry to move towards the high end of the value chain. The new round of tax reform has opened up the tax deduction chain between the secondary and tertiary industries in time, which has effectively promoted the division of labor and integrated development of manufacturing and service industries, and the producer service industry has grown rapidly.

　　Zhang Yongjun, deputy chief economist of China International Economic Exchange Center, said that the producer service industry will continue to flourish, which is inseparable from China’s huge domestic market and perfect manufacturing system.

　　From 2016 to 2018, the operating income of producer service enterprises above designated size increased by 13.3% annually, which was 0.5 percentage points higher than that of service enterprises above designated size. Among them, the service industry, which is closely related to manufacturing production, is developing rapidly.

　　In 2018, the operating income of engineering design services, quality inspection technical services, intellectual property services, human resources services, legal services and advertising services above designated size increased by 18.0%, 10.3%, 25.1%, 20.1%, 17.5% and 17.5% respectively compared with the previous year.

　　According to industry insiders, the development of producer service industry has provided more professional service support for the manufacturing industry to move towards the high end of the value chain, which has effectively promoted the accelerated transformation of China’s industry from manufacturing to production service.

　　Since the 1990s, the in-depth development of the Internet has provided a strong impetus for the service industry. Internet companies have mushroomed in China, taking root and growing rapidly. After 2008, with the popularization of smart phones and 3G and 4G communication networks, the Internet began to rapidly penetrate into the daily life of the general public, and the number of Internet users rose sharply.

　　By the end of 2018, the number of Internet users in China reached 830 million, and the penetration rate of mobile phones reached 112 per 100 people, 2.8 times and 2.3 times that of 2008 respectively. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, modern information technologies such as big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence have been continuously developed and matured, and the integration of the Internet and various industries of the national economy is accelerating. The digitalization and intelligence level of traditional industries have been continuously improved, and the sharing economy and digital economy have profoundly changed the social production and lifestyle and accelerated the reconstruction of the economic development model.

　　From 2012 to 2018, the added value of information transmission, software and information technology services increased from 1,192.9 billion yuan to 3,243.1 billion yuan. From 2014 to 2018, the average annual growth rate of operating income of Internet and related services, software and information technology service enterprises above designated size reached 32.8% and 21.2%, respectively, far exceeding the average annual growth rate of 11.1% in service industries above designated size.

　　Wei Wang, director and researcher of the Market Economy Research Institute of the State Council Development Research Center, wrote an analysis. In recent years, with the deepening application of information technologies such as the Internet, cloud computing and big data in the service industry, it has greatly promoted the rapid emergence of new industries, new formats and new models in the service industry. New formats and new services such as online shopping, sharing economy, online celebrity economy, short video, take-out and mobile payment have become the most important new kinetic energy for the development of China’s service industry and the leading global digital economy.

　　Wei Wang said, more importantly, in 2019, we will accelerate structural reform and open innovation, continue to promote market access reform of service industry, accelerate the establishment and improvement of post-event supervision system and mechanism, increase infrastructure investment and business environment optimization, and further improve the policy support system, which will help accelerate the release of market vitality and innovation power, further cultivate and expand new kinetic energy of service industry, promote the expansion and quality of service industry, and provide an increasingly powerful "stabilizer" and new development impetus for achieving sustained and stable growth of national economy.

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What does it mean for Perfect World to buy a video game bus？

[Exclusive feature of Wandering Stars /superwave]

　　Recently, the game industry is really surging. One minute, the Shanghai Free Trade Zone is established, and the game console is expected to be lifted. The magazine Home Computers and Games is suspected to be closed. The impact of these two events has not dissipated, and suddenly the news that Perfect World will acquire video game buses and game websites and forums such as A9VG and CNGBA has aroused a thousand waves, which has aroused the heated discussion of countless players and media attention. Related analysis can be described as numerous and endless, but many analyses only see a certain point, but fail to see the whole face, that is, the whole picture of the whole thing. What the perfect world has done is actually done grandly, Tencent is doing it, and Sohu Changyou has already done it.To put it simply, these domestic game makers and giants are all seeking diversified development and want to become a comprehensive and diversified entertainment empire.

Wandering stars
A ripple

The perfect world is looking for a new breakthrough

　　Perfect World, a company with many products in the field of online games and infinite crazy in-house purchases, has been getting along well in recent years, with great profitability and capital. If nothing else, the game "Saint OL" that Perfect World spent a lot of money to build was heroic when it first came out, and it spread soft articles and did related activities everywhere, which quite swept the world. As a result, the market response was not good because of the poor quality of the game, and then it was almost completely abandoned in Perfect World.

Wandering stars
The perfect world is not short of money.

　　Since there is no shortage of money, it will definitely not count money at home every day. One of the characteristics of capitalism is that capital has a natural impulse to accumulate. That is to say, no matter individuals or companies, as long as they have certain funds, they want to earn more money and accumulate more funds.So since the perfect world is not short of money, of course, it has to play some tricks.

　　What tricks should we play? I’ve basically played all the tricks I should play in online games, and it’s hard to play new tricks, but some tricks other than online games haven’t been played yet. Have you noticed that Shanda made a grand box when it was arrogant in the past, bought a starting point, and then made an e-book? Then Tencent, which has all kinds of businesses, besides games and websites, and Weibo, also has WeChat. Look at Sohu Changyou over there, which bought 17,173 online games as early as 2011.

Wandering stars
17173 has long been acquired by Sohu Changyou.

　　Therefore, when Perfect World saw these situations, it must think something in its heart. It is also a domestic first-line game manufacturer, and it has not played in other fields except online games. Since everyone is playing diversified integration, we can’t lag behind. As a result, Perfect World announced its own game platform ARC several months ago, and then recently it was reported that Perfect World acquired a series of TV game websites such as video game buses.

　　So to put it bluntly, the perfect world is actually seeking a new breakthrough and engaging in diversification strategy, and these tricks of the perfect world are not new. Let’s say this ARC platform, STEAM has done it, and Sohu Changyou has also played it. Then it is said that the perfect world will launch its own TV box in the future, which is also grand.

Wandering stars
The ARC platform is not new.

　　In fact, a series of actions of Perfect World are very similar to those of Shanda in the past, which is also because the styles of Perfect World and Shanda and other game companies are more similar. Giants such as Netease, Tencent and even Sohu Changyou started from portals or communication tools, and then gradually tilted their strategic focus to games, while Perfect World and Shanda started from games at the beginning, and games were the top priority of these two companies’ strategies, so when Shanda became crazy by legends in the past, Chen Tianqiao threw out the concept of Shanda Box with great pride, and also acquired the website of Qidian. Chen Tianqiao’s strategic concept was good, but Shanda Box lacked content support and finally suffered a fiasco. So let’s see, this Perfect World is no different from what Shanda did in those years, except that it acquired the starting point of literary websites in those years, while Perfect World acquired websites such as video game buses this time.

Wandering stars
The grand box is an eternal joke.

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For him, the students donated 78 million anonymously!

There is always a touch, secret and great!

There is always a feeling, endless!

Yesterday, alumni donated 78 million anonymously.

Brushed the circle of friends of Wu Daren.

The topic quickly rushed to the hot search.

This 78 million donation comes from

An anonymous alumnus from School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University

Out of gratitude for the care and training of Wuhan University.

Decided to turn their scientific and technological achievements into income.

Donate anonymously to your alma mater.

At the same time, in the name of teacher Yu Xianjue,

Name the donation project as

"Yu Xianjue Life Science Education Fund"

Who is Mr. Yu Xianjue?

Why is the 78 million donation named after him?

With Luo Luo Jia Jia

Find the answer to the story.

Yu Xianjue, Professor of School of Life Sciences, Wuhan University. People from Changsha, Hunan. Graduated from biology department of Wuhan University in 1935. In 1949, he received a doctorate in philosophy from California Institute of Technology. After returning to China, he served as a professor at Wuhan University, director of the Department of Genetics of the Department of Biology, and the first and second directors of the Hubei Genetic Society. Member of China Democratic League. Since 1980, the karyotype of freshwater fish has been studied and achieved results. Editor-in-chief of Genetics, and author of papers such as Studies on Chromosomes of Freshwater Fish in China.

//

In November 1909, Yu Xianjue was born in a peasant family in Changsha County, Hunan Province. My parents make a living by farming and have eight children, and Yu Xianjue ranks third. Because of his poor family, his parents had to adopt one of his brothers to his uncle who was in business. And my brother provided him with a lot of financial assistance for his later schooling. Yu Xianjue grew up in such a typical southern rural family, studied hard, made progress and was strong since childhood, and had a strong love for nature and biology.

In 1931, he was admitted to the Biology Department of National Wuhan University with honors. During his college years, he not only got excellent grades, but also loved sports. When he graduated in 1935, he was recommended by Professor Zhang Yingwu, an embryologist, to stay in school as a teaching assistant in the Department of Biology.

▲ Yu Xianjue graduation photo, a bachelor of Wuhan University in 1935.

Ten years after his graduation, during the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, he moved to Leshan, Sichuan with Wuhan University. During the hard war years, he not only didn’t lose his major, but also studied hard, worked hard, compiled his own handouts, and enriched his theoretical knowledge in the teaching practice of histology, cytology and embryology. In the second year after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Yu Xianjue was funded by the Lee Foundation and was sent to the Biology Department of California Institute of Technology to study for a doctorate. Yu Xianjue entered Morgan’s laboratory at California Institute of Technology and became a student of Professor Sturtevant.

Mendel made a pioneering contribution to establishing the basic principles of genetics. Morgan and his students used Drosophila as materials to discover the laws of sex-linked inheritance, linkage, exchange and non-segregation, and put forward the theory of genes, which is a significant development of Mendel’s theory of genetics and laid the foundation for the development of modern genetics. Professor Yu Xianjue is a modern geneticist who grew up in Morgan’s laboratory during this period.

At that time, Morgan, the founder of the biology department of the school, had just passed away, and Morgan’s eldest disciples, Sturtevant and Mrs. Morgan, continued to study fruit flies in Morgan’s laboratory. Sturtevant received his doctorate from the Drosophila Laboratory in Morgan, Columbia University in 1910, and then came to California Institute of Technology with Morgan. Sturtevant students E. B. Lewis and E. Novitski gave Yu Xianjue direct guidance in experimental research. Lewis later became an academician of the American Academy of Sciences, and won the Nobel Prize in 1995 for his achievements in developmental biology of Drosophila.

Four China scientists of the older generation have studied in this laboratory, namely Li Ruqi, Tan Jiazhen, Lu Huilin and Yu Xianjue. Yu Xianjue completed his research work during his doctoral period in 1949, wrote a 112-page doctoral thesis, successfully passed the doctoral thesis defense, and obtained his doctorate.

▲ Yu Xianjue at California Institute of Technology, USA

Yu Xianjue’s doctoral thesis is to study the reverse mutation and position effect of Drosophila by X- ray technology, and his tutor and Lewis are very satisfied with his experimental results. Yu Xianjue made a series of new discoveries, including the famous antenna foot mutation in modern genetics textbooks. This Drosophila mutant named AntpYu was recommended by Lewis and incorporated into the genetic variations of Drosophila melanogaster, and published by Carnegie Institute in 1968. The discovery of this mutant laid a foundation for Lewis and others to study homeobox genes and the development of Drosophila. Also included in the book is T (2; 3)AntpYu mutation, B48g, Scar, T (2; 3)B48g and t (2; 3) Scar mutation, etc.

Yu Xianjue is very patriotic. After receiving his doctor’s degree, he decided to go back to China and devote himself to the construction of new China. At that time, his brother was the Consul General of the National Government in Houston, and repeatedly advised him to stay in the United States, but Yu Xianjue’s determination to return to China never wavered. The journey to "go home" was hard. He knew that the motherland lacked professional books, and brought back a large number of professional books and documents with him. When he returned to Tianjin to go ashore, it coincided with the establishment of New China on October 1, 1949. After several rounds of rolling, he returned to Wuhan and once again devoted himself to Luojiashan as a professor in the Department of Biology of Wuhan University. Yu Xianjue has taught in the Biology Department of Wuhan University for more than 50 years.

▲ In 1941, a certificate proving Yu Xianjue’s service time at school,

Wang Xinggong’s signature (top left). The other three are about the employment of Yu Xianjue in 1949.

Letter from Hu Shengchu as a Professor of Science College

Yu Xianjue is a loyal Morgan scholar. Since the 1960s, with the acceptance of Morgan School in the whole country, he selected fish as materials for genetic experiments and enrolled graduate students. However, it was soon devastated by another decade, and the newly established genetics laboratory had to be terminated. It was not until the end of the Cultural Revolution in 1978 that he resumed recruiting graduate students and conducting genetic research.

The Chinese Genetic Society was established in 1979, and Professor Yu Xianjue was elected as the first director of the Chinese Genetic Society and the first editorial board of the Journal of Genetics. In the same year, Yu Xianjue advocated the establishment of Hubei Genetic Society, and served as the chairman of the Society for four consecutive years, making great contributions to the development of genetics in Hubei Province. In 1980, he was elected as the first director of China Society of Cell Biology. After the National Science Conference in 1978, he compiled the outline of "Introduction to Genetic Engineering" and made a report to Hubei provincial authorities, Wuhan University and other universities, which played an important role in publicizing Mendel’s genetic theory and popularizing genetic knowledge.

He and graduate students have conducted extensive research on cytogenetics of freshwater fishes in China, and obtained the first-hand information on cytogenetics of freshwater fishes in China, which is the first systematic study on chromosomes of freshwater fishes in China in China. The research achievement "Study on the Karyotype of Freshwater Fish in China" won the second prize of the Science and Technology Progress Award of the State Education Commission in 1988, and was edited by Yu Xianjue and published in Science Press in 1989. This book has become a reference book in the field of fish genetics research.

On the basis of these studies, he further studied the fine structure and genome of fish chromosomes, and the research result "Study on the Fine Structure and Genome Structure of Fish Chromosomes" won the second prize of the Science and Technology Progress Award of the State Education Commission in 1995.

Yu Xianjue’s granddaughter Yu Li said that Grandpa’s students have always been in contact with their families, and this anonymous donation by alumni was also directly contacted with her. She felt very surprised and very moved. "My mother and I have advised before, but the alumni said that this is their long-cherished wish for many years."

Following Yu Xianjue’s footsteps, Yu Li has also been teaching in the College of Life Sciences. She grew up beside her grandfather. At that time, she didn’t know much about her grandfather’s work. She just felt that other people’s grandfathers seemed to have time to play with their grandchildren every day, but her grandfather was very busy all day long. Occasionally, she would take her to make gecko specimens or climb Luojia Mountain to plant small plants when she was free. I didn’t understand until I grew up. Influenced by the Cultural Revolution, Grandpa, as a modern geneticist who grew up in Morgan’s laboratory, had interrupted his academic research countless times, so once he returned to his scientific research post, he devoted himself to his work with double enthusiasm and energy.

In her memory, there were always students coming and going at home, some came to ask grandpa academic questions, some came to report the progress of the experiment, and grandpa was always cheerful and equal and gentle to the students. If he was still talking about work at dinner time, he would ask his mother to serve a bowl of noodles covered with eggs and continue to discuss the problems with the students while entertaining. At that time, a bowl of egg noodles could be said to be quite good food.

▲ In the 1960s, Yu Xianjue was instructing graduate students.

Yu Xianjue was honest and broad-minded all his life. Peace of mind and noble character; Life is simple, honest and simple; Strict scholarship and profound knowledge; Good teaching and tireless teaching. He has successively directed cytology experiments and embryology experiments, and taught courses such as histology, cytology, genetics, zoology, entomology, introduction to biology, agriculture and livestock breeding and cytogenetics.

His teaching preparation is well-prepared, his lecture language is accurate, his concept is clear and his logic is strong. He always said, "If you don’t memorize in advance and think about what to say temporarily, it’s easy to digress and make mistakes." His teaching has been well received by teachers and students in the Department of Biology.

Yu Xianjue attached great importance to discipline construction and personnel training, and established the doctoral program of genetics in Wuhan University, which was also the second batch of doctoral programs in China at that time. Now it is a national key discipline and a comprehensive genetic research institution and personnel training base with complete research directions in plant genetics, animal and human genetics and microbial genetics. Professor Zhu Yingguo, an academician of China Academy of Engineering, and professors Yu Qixing, Song Yunchun, Zhou Gang, He Guangcun, Yang Daichang, Hu Zhongli, Li Lijia and Li Yangsheng all grew up in this doctoral program. In his later years, he enrolled the only postdoctoral fellow, Zhou Rongjia, and later became a professor in the department.

"This alumnus who donated anonymously is my senior. I am also very excited to hear about this charity. He is definitely influenced by Teacher Yu. This is a typical student of Teacher Yu!" Zhou Rongjia said. In 1992, Zhou Rongjia entered Wuhan University to engage in postdoctoral research with Yu Xianjue. At that time, Yu Xianjue, who was over 80 years old, was in poor health, but he still talked with Zhou Rongjia specifically and told him to be a good person before doing scientific research.

"This sentence has a great influence on me," Zhou Rongjia remembers vividly. At that time, the conditions of the postdoctoral mobile station were very difficult, and many studies were almost started from scratch. Yu Xianjue gave Zhou Rongjia great autonomy and allowed him to play freely within the framework of fish genetics. "The old man was very low-key, but he did very well academically. He said that being a man must have a pioneering spirit, which has had a profound impact on my academic path. "

▲ Mr. Yu Xianjue’s later years

On August 10, 1994, Yu Xianjue passed away at the age of 85. Dear teacher Yu, students will always remember you!

In 2021, Wuhan University

Alumni’s newly signed donation exceeded 1.5 billion yuan.

Accumulated alumni donations of 3.043 billion yuan.

Ranked third in the country (click to view ↑)

Drinking water from the source, from generation to generation.

Be grateful and hide your fame.

On the way forward,

Yong is a teenager in Luojia.

—RECOMMEND—

Recommended reading

Arrive at the account! Wu Da alumni donated 78 million anonymously.

Original title: "For him, students donate 78 million anonymously! 》

通过admin

Diagnostic criteria for hypertension have changed! Many people already have high blood pressure, but they don’t know it yet!

Wake up one night, many people have high blood pressure? Blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg has been the diagnostic standard of hypertension.

On November 13th, the Clinical Practice Guide of Hypertension in China was issued, which lowered the diagnostic criteria of hypertension in adults and changed the original 140/90 mm Hg to ≥130/80 mm Hg.

After the standard was lowered, many people who were at the previous critical value became hypertensive!

Why did the diagnostic criteria of hypertension change?

Professor Zhao Dong, director of the Epidemiology Research Office of anzhen hospital, Beijing, introduced at the online press conference on November 13th, "The guideline revised the diagnostic standard of hypertension to ≥ 130/80mmhg, which is not only supported by sufficient international and domestic evidence-based medical evidence, but also the people with blood pressure levels of 130-139mmhg and/or 80-89mmhg are mostly young and middle-aged. Lowering the diagnostic standard reflects the concept of moving forward the defense line and strengthening the initial prevention, otherwise we will miss reducing hypertension.①

What about people with blood pressure of 130/80~140/90?

The diagnostic threshold of adult hypertension has been lowered from 140/90 mm Hg to 130/80 mm Hg, which means that some people suddenly become hypertensive. According to the new standard, it is estimated that there will be more than 600 million adult hypertensive patients in China, compared with the previous estimate of 245 million.

"I think (after the implementation of the new standard) more young and middle-aged patients may be diagnosed." Hu Dayi, chief physician of Cardiovascular Department of Peking University People’s Hospital, was interviewed by national business daily on November 13th. At present, there are many young patients with hypertension in China, and the unhealthy lifestyles associated with it include lack of exercise, heavy drinking, unhealthy diet and obesity.②

However, Professor Hu Dayi said that for young and middle-aged patients with hypertension whose blood pressure is between 130/80mmhg and 140/90mmhg, it is suggested that drugs should not be used immediately, but five prescriptions that can effectively control hypertension should be adopted, namely, drug prescription, exercise prescription, nutrition prescription, mental, psychological and sleep prescription, and smoking cessation and alcohol restriction prescription.②

Guo Yifang, vice president of Hebei Provincial People’s Hospital, said in an interview with 21st century business herald on November 13th that although it is predicted that there will be 600 million more patients, only 22% of them need medication, and most of them don’t need medication. Only through active lifestyle intervention, blood pressure can be restored to the ideal range, such as controlling diet, losing weight and gaining muscle, eating less salt and quitting smoking and drinking.③

The new guidelines recommend that patients with high cardiovascular risk actively start antihypertensive drug therapy, and patients with low cardiovascular risk can undergo lifestyle intervention for 3-6 months. If blood pressure is still not up to standard, antihypertensive drug therapy can be started.④

Manage high blood pressure, and the new guide gives these practical suggestions!

The new edition of "Guidelines for Clinical Practice of Hypertension in China" has made important adjustments to the antihypertensive targets of different groups of people, and we have summarized seven points that everyone is concerned about:

1. Insist on blood pressure monitoring.

Rest quietly for 3-5 minutes before measuring blood pressure. Avoid strenuous exercise, drinking alcohol, drinking caffeinated drinks and smoking 30 minutes before taking blood pressure.

When measuring, sit in a chair with a backrest, put your feet flat on the ground and don’t cross your legs. The upper arm is flat on the desktop, and the center of the cuff of the sphygmomanometer is kept at the same level as the heart.

When measuring blood pressure for the first time, the blood pressure of both upper arms should be measured, whichever side is higher.

It is recommended to measure blood pressure once every morning and once every night. For patients with hypertension, it is recommended to measure blood pressure before taking medicine, before breakfast and after emptying bladder in the morning. It is recommended to measure blood pressure before dinner at night, and within 1 hour before going to bed when conditions do not permit.

Take at least two consecutive blood pressure readings for each measurement, with an interval of 1-2 minutes, and take the average of the two readings. If the difference between the first and second blood pressure readings is greater than 10mmhg, it is recommended to take the third measurement and take the average of the last two readings.④

2. Replace common salt with low sodium salt.

The guideline points out that excessive sodium intake and insufficient potassium intake are one of the important risk factors for hypertension.

Less sodium: it is recommended that the daily salt intake of each person should not exceed 5 grams, and low sodium salt can be used. The results of SSaSS research based on Chinese people show that compared with common salt, the risk of stroke, major cardiovascular risk and all-cause death in the low-sodium salt replacement group (about 75% sodium chloride and 25% potassium chloride) decreased by 14%, 13% and 12%, respectively.

Potassium: Pay attention to eating more foods rich in potassium, including fresh fruits and vegetables, low-fat dairy products, nuts and bean products.④

Table from Dietary Guidelines for China Residents 2016⑤

3. Try the DASH diet mode.

DASH diet is a dietary pattern designed for hypertension, the core of which is high calcium, high potassium, high magnesium and high dietary fiber, limiting saturated fatty acids, ensuring rich unsaturated fatty acids, limiting sugary drinks and sweets and reducing salt intake.

Li Haiyan, the chief nurse of Cardiovascular Department of PLA General Hospital, suggested in the Health Times in July 2021 that for Chinese people, the dietary pattern of hypertension could be used for reference. In the diet:

Cereals can be whole wheat pasta, oats and brown rice, and excellent rice flour, cakes, sweets and fried foods can be reduced or avoided;

Meat can be lean pork, beef and mutton, peeled poultry (chickens, ducks and geese), fish (deep-sea fish, such as salmon), shrimp and eggs.

Eat fruit instead of processing it into juice or drinking candy-flavored drinks;

Vegetables can be seasonal vegetables such as spinach, celery, oily wheat and cabbage;

Dairy products can be fat-free or defatted, low-fat dairy products;

Pay attention to calories when eating nuts, and choose small portions and salt-free ones;

Oils can be rapeseed oil, olive oil and corn oil to reduce or avoid the intake of lard, cream and butter.⑥

4. Do aerobic exercise for at least 30 minutes every day.

The new guidelines recommend that hypertensive patients with blood pressure less than 160/100mmhg should take moderate or high-intensity aerobic exercise for 30-60min every 5-7 days a week, and do resistance strength exercises 2-3 times a week.

Moderate intensity aerobic exercise:

30-60 minutes/day, 5-7 days/week, reaching 50%-70% of the maximum heart rate.

Such as cycling, swimming, walking, running, badminton, table tennis, aerobics, group sports and other aerobic sports.

In addition, Tai Chi and Qigong can also help lower blood pressure.

Resistance strength exercise:

90-150 minutes/week, 50%-80% of the maximum load at one time, 6 exercises/group, 3 groups, 10 repetitions.

Such as dumbbells, sandbags and elastic belt.

Equidistant grip strength training:

2 minutes each time, 4 times in total, with an interval of 1 minute each time, 3 days a week.

Attention should be paid to avoid bowing your head and holding your breath during exercise. Patients with hypertension who cannot complete the recommended amount due to physical reasons should increase all kinds of physical activities as much as possible according to their own conditions.

Previously, Europe issued a consensus document on personalized exercise prescription for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. The consensus recommended aerobic exercise as a first-line physical activity for patients with hypertension, which can help reduce the average systolic blood pressure by 4.9-12.0 mm Hg and the diastolic blood pressure by 3.4-5.8 mm Hg.⑦

5. Control your weight and waistline.

The guidelines point out that overweight and obesity are important risk factors for hypertension. The best goal is to reach the ideal weight, the body mass index is 18.5-23.9 kg/m2, and the waist circumference is controlled to less than 90 cm for men and less than 80 cm for women.

When controlling weight, it is suggested that the daily calorie should be limited to ≤500-750 kcal, and the exercise mode should be moderate to high-intensity aerobic exercise for 30-60 minutes every day, 5-7 days/week, reaching 60%-90% of the maximum heart rate.④

6. Be sure to quit smoking and limit alcohol.

Do not smoke, quit smoking completely, and avoid passive smoking. If you drink alcohol, you should reduce your alcohol intake. Men ≤ 20g/day, women ≤ 10g/day. It is best to give up drinking.④The safest drinking amount is 0, that is, no drinking.

7. Reduce stress in your life.

The intense pace of work and life, heavy ideological pressure, emotional excitement, anxiety and frequent overtime and staying up late will make the nervous system and hormone levels in the human body adjust abnormally, leading to faster heartbeat and increased vascular tension, which is another common cause of high blood pressure.⑧

The new guidelines suggest that you should breathe slowly and regularly before going to bed every day (preferably with the help of professional breathing equipment), and the target breathing frequency is < 10 times/minute, 15 minutes/time, and > 40 minutes per week.④

In addition, meditate for 20 minutes twice a day; And spending 30 minutes a day doing yoga three days a week also helps to relieve stress.④

This article is synthesized from:

① On November 13th, 2022, People’s Daily Health Client published the Clinical Practice Guide of Hypertension in China, and the diagnostic standard of hypertension was revised to ≥ 130/80mm Hg.

② 2022-11-14 national business daily’s "I suddenly became hypertensive", a new hypertension standard was released, and experts: More young and middle-aged patients may be diagnosed! 》

③ 2022-11-14 21st century business herald "Adjustment of diagnostic criteria," Wake up overnight "? 》

④ National Cardiovascular Center, etc. Clinical Practice Guide of Hypertension in China.

https://rs.yiigle.com/yufabiao/1432110.htm

⑤ China Nutrition Society. Dietary Guidelines for China Residents 2016.

⑥ Nutrition Prescription for Patients with Chronic Diseases published by Health Times on July 30th, 2021.

⑦Personalized exercise prescription in the prevention and treatment of arterial hypertension: a Consensus Document from the European Association of Pre ventive Cardiology (EAPC) and the ESC Council on Hypertension

Today 2021-11-01 Guo Yifang heart frontier "How did hypertension happen? Pay attention to these ten reasons! 》

Health times

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