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　　On May 5th, the 133rd China Import and Export Fair (Canton Fair) came to an end.

　　From intelligent manufacturing, new energy and intelligent networked cars to smart life and products for pregnant and baby, the innovative and leading nature of China manufacturing was widely praised by merchants all over the world at the Canton Fair. The resilience and vitality of China’s foreign trade have been fully demonstrated through repeated negotiations and orders.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that "we should continue to play the supporting role of exports in the economy" and "accelerate the construction of a trade power".

　　Foreign trade import and export is an important engine to stimulate economic growth. Through the Canton Fair, we can see that China enterprises are participating in the global market with a more proactive attitude, striving to stabilize exports to developed countries, expand exports to emerging economies, improve the level of processing trade, increase the added value of exports, and consolidate and expand the export advantages of new industries.

　　 The demand for supply and mining is enthusiastic, and the market has strong stamina for recovery.

　　"The new customer has placed an order for 4 containers of goods!" On the first day of the Canton Fair, Luo Qifeng, the head of Ningbo Lemeijia Electric Technology Co., Ltd., said happily that two Moroccan customers signed the contract on the spot, with a value of more than 1 million yuan.

　　The effect exceeded expectations, making Luo Qifeng more confident to open up new markets. "We have also signed up for several regional exhibitions in Brazil, India and Germany, and the company will further integrate its product lines and develop new products."

　　Grasping orders and expanding the market, at this year’s Canton Fair, there were over 9,000 new exhibitors, about 35,000 offline exhibitors, and the on-site export turnover was US$ 21.69 billion. The majority of foreign trade entities actively participated in the exhibition and took the initiative, and the heat of foreign trade increased steadily.

　　"Judging from the number of exhibitors and participants, the Canton Fair is active, reflecting the strong demand of the majority of merchants for China’s export products." Huo Jianguo, vice president of the China World Trade Organization Research Association, said that in the process of product display, negotiation and signing, China’s export enterprises seized the opportunity and laid a good foundation for the steady growth of foreign trade throughout the year.

　　Looking at the whole country, since the beginning of this year, as China’s economic operation has stabilized and rebounded, production and demand have gradually improved, and foreign trade imports and exports have stabilized significantly — —

　　According to the data released by the General Administration of Customs, in the first quarter, the total import and export value of China’s goods trade was 9.89 trillion yuan, up 4.8% year-on-year, and exports were 5.65 trillion yuan, up 8.4% year-on-year, achieving a smooth start.

　　The growth rate of import and export rebounded month by month. Imports and exports in the first quarter increased by 2.6 percentage points compared with the fourth quarter of last year. In March, the export of heavy containers increased by 10.5% year-on-year, and the import volume increased by 20.3%.

　　The central and western regions have accelerated development. In the first quarter, the import and export of the central and western regions reached 1.84 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12.6%, and the growth rate was 7.8 percentage points higher than that of the whole country; The import and export of the new land and sea passage in the west was 969.52 billion yuan, an increase of 10.1%. Chongqing, Guangxi and other places give full play to their geographical advantages, promote cross-border transportation facilitation, and continuously improve channel operation and logistics efficiency.

　　The number of foreign trade entities has increased and they are full of enthusiasm. In the first quarter, China’s foreign trade enterprises with import and export performance increased by 5.9% year-on-year, the number of business entities increased steadily, and the market vitality recovered.

　　"Compared with the first quarter of last year, there are 25,000 more enterprises engaged in import and export business. Among them, the import and export growth rate of private enterprises with a large number and strong flexibility is higher than the whole, and the proportion of scale in the total import and export value continues to remain above 50%, which has played a positive role in stabilizing the scale and optimizing the structure of foreign trade. " Lu Daliang, spokesman of the General Administration of Customs and director of the Statistical Analysis Department, said.

　　"In January this year, we achieved the first batch of products export, and 1,000 sets of customized wireless charging kitchen appliances entered the Spanish market, which was well received by consumers." At the Canton Fair, Luo Zhaochao, sales manager of Zhonghui Chuangzhi (Shenzhen) Wireless Power Supply Technology Co., Ltd., told reporters that "products have advantages, which makes us more confident to explore the international market."

　　In March this year, the export volume of Guangzhou Gao En Machinery Technology Co., Ltd. increased by over 70% year-on-year. "We lay out intelligent production lines in advance and strive to improve production efficiency and energy saving and consumption reduction." Huo Liyi, general manager of the company, said that aiming at high-quality and all-round efforts, Gao En Machinery’s commercial food processing equipment has been recognized by the market.

　　 "New three kinds" are popular, and the foreign trade structure is more optimized.

　　Clothing, furniture and household appliances used to be the "old three" of China’s foreign trade exports. Nowadays, the "new three kinds" represented by electric manned cars, lithium batteries and solar cells are gradually becoming popular.

　　At the Canton Fair, from unmanned aerial vehicles to pure electric vehicles to new energy agricultural machinery, the newly added new energy and intelligent networked automobile exhibition area was particularly eye-catching.

　　Before the booth, Li Ming, vice president of Kaiwo New Energy Automobile Group and general manager of overseas business center, gave a warm reception to every buyer who visited. He introduced in detail: "In the first quarter of last year, our pure electric vehicles were exported to 300 units, and in the first quarter of this year, we exported more than 3,000 units."

　　Through negotiation, Liming found that in addition to the traditional European market, Russia, the Middle East and South Asia also showed strong interest in new energy vehicles. At the fair, Kaiwo Group signed a large purchase order with Pakistani automobile dealers, and exported 200 new energy vehicles with a total turnover of 7 million US dollars.

　　"Judging from the current orders and negotiation progress, we are confident that the export of new energy vehicles will exceed 10,000 this year, double that of last year." Continue to expand new markets and brand awareness, and Dawn has a well-thought-out plan.

　　In recent years, the global attention to new energy and green low-carbon fields has gradually increased, and the strong demand in the international market has driven the export growth of green low-carbon products in China.

　　According to the data released by the General Administration of Customs, in the first quarter, China’s "new three samples" exported a total of 264.69 billion yuan, up 66.9% year-on-year, accounting for 1.7 percentage points of exports, reaching 4.7%, boosting the overall growth rate of exports by 2 percentage points, and promoting the continuous optimization of China’s foreign trade structure.

　　Gao Shiwang, spokesman of the China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Mechanical and Electrical Products, believes that the high growth rate of "new three kinds" exports is not only related to the market opportunities brought by industrial changes, but also benefited from China’s complete industrial chain and supply capacity, as well as the promotion of forward-looking and phased progressive policies. "At present ‘ Three new samples ’ The market penetration rate is still relatively low and the market demand is far from saturated. " Gao Shiwang predicts that the export of "new three kinds" will still maintain a high growth rate in the future.

　　 Seize new opportunities and accelerate the cultivation of new advantages in foreign trade

　　At present, the external environment is still complicated and severe, and global trade is under pressure. How to further promote the stable scale and excellent structure of foreign trade? At the Canton Fair, we saw that the majority of foreign trade subjects faced difficulties, actively explored new markets, developed new models, and actively cultivated new advantages in international competition in a multi-pronged manner.

　　Anchoring the new market demand along the "Belt and Road", Jiangsu Sumeida Electromechanical Co., Ltd. has accelerated its research and development and innovation in terms of light weight, quietness, fuel economy and intelligence. "Compared with similar products, we can save 10% to 15% of oil, effectively reducing the living expenses of users, which is also a lot ‘ Belt and Road ’ Important product appeals in markets along the route. " Wang Tao, deputy general manager of Sumida Electromechanical Africa Division, said.

　　Taking the pulse of the market into account, Sumida’s main product, gasoline generator set, has been in the forefront of the African market for a long time and has been widely recognized by local consumers.

　　Constantly expanding the circle of trade friends, the trade in emerging markets has increased considerably. In the first quarter, China’s import and export to emerging markets such as ASEAN, Latin America and Africa increased by 16.1%, 11.7% and 14.1% respectively. The total proportion of scale increased by 2.4 percentage points to 28.4%.

　　In order to help enterprises stabilize their orders and expand the market, a few days ago, the State Council held an executive meeting to study policies and measures to promote the stable scale and optimal structure of foreign trade. It was required to constantly enrich, adjust and improve relevant policies in light of practical problems in different fields, implement a good combination of policies to stabilize foreign trade, encourage local governments to introduce supporting policies according to local conditions, and enhance policy synergy.

　　Promote foreign trade, promote stability and improve quality, and the Ministry of Commerce has formulated a construction plan for the digital pilot area of global trade in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to empower foreign trade with digitalization; The Customs evaluated, optimized and upgraded the 23 support measures introduced last year. All localities are also taking active actions: Shanghai focuses on key enterprises and products, and increases support in customs clearance, finance and tax refund; Fujian supports enterprises to stabilize orders and expand the market through overseas exhibitions and online exhibitions … …

　　Walking in the Canton Fair, the exhibitors and buyers who are in a hurry, and the steaming fair and signing meeting have fully released the strong warmth of China’s economic recovery.

　　Looking forward to the future, China’s economy has strong resilience, great potential and full vitality, and its long-term positive fundamentals remain unchanged, which supports the goal of promoting stability and improving quality in foreign trade. With the continuous overall improvement of China’s economic operation, the positive momentum of foreign trade will be further consolidated and continued.

Special feature of 1905 film network Known by netizens as the real "wandering ball" in the Spring Festival file, the film was originally scheduled to be released on the first day of the New Year’s Day, but it was postponed to the third day for special reasons. After losing its first-hand advantage, it was attacked by two "giants" during the schedule. On the fourth day of the New Year’s Day, when the main producer created a live broadcast, the official announcement was postponed again and announced that it would be postponed to February 17. At present, the film has been shown, with Douban scoring 7, Cat’s Eye and Taobao Film scoring over 9. So what are the unknown stories behind the storm, a film that embodies the painstaking efforts of the main creator for many years? Can the filmmakers create another miracle when the table tennis team counterattacks the Jedi?

As a strong competitor of the Spring Festival, the film suddenly released a statement on the fourth day of the Lunar New Year, announcing the postponement of the release. I believe this is a difficult decision for everyone in the creative team. Xiao Li, the host, recalled what she saw at Hengye Film and Television Company at that time. The phone kept ringing and everyone was very busy. Ma Shuang, the producer of "China Table Tennis Fight Back", said: "When we are ready to make a statement, this decision is actually extremely difficult, but we must control our emotions and not be knocked down by temporary difficulties. It is true that the film is very different from expectations. While watching the market, we are very complicated." Ma Shuang accompanied the film for 1825 days: "Still happy, no matter what the final result is, it is actually very happy and satisfied to be filmed."

"China Ping-Pong: The Jedi Strikes Back" will be released on February 17th, which will bump into Marvel Comics’s works after four years. Choosing this day to compete with the master, first of all, I believe that the power in the work, like the slogan of the film, is dedicated to the people who are not optimistic, because in and out of the play, there are a group of people who are not optimistic and ordinary forces that support the film to the end. When the film was withdrawn, Xuanfa’s colleagues cried in the office for a day, blaming themselves for not doing well enough, so that the audience did not understand the film.

The person who is not optimistic in the film has a coach. He is a coach who has never won a singles championship. Everyone is not optimistic that the team led by him can recapture swaythling cup in two years. There are older athletes close to 30 years old; There are also players with high myopia. Everyone pooled their money to buy a pair of contact lenses before he can play. It is in such an underappreciated and extremely difficult track that they ran out of their own lives. It is also such a spirit that people in and out of the play are always waiting for the moment of "Jedi counterattack" when facing difficulties.

I like this sentence in the film very much, dedicated to the people who are not optimistic, where I fell and where I got up; Where I lost the ball, where I won it back.

The film’s creative team carried out the spirit of "Jedi counterattack", and made a comeback on another day, fighting bravely, but it was not the biggest difficulty that the film encountered to withdraw the file and be attacked by a blockbuster. The earliest test happened in the early stage of the film, because it involved real events, and the creative team needed to find the prototype of the story to sign the authorization. This was not the authorization of one person, but everyone in the team at that time. In addition, the creative staff also need to explain the artistic processing parts of the film one by one, not to vilify and dwarf the characters, but to be dramatic.

Ma Shuang mentioned that it was not easy to contact Mr. Ding Song: "He didn’t answer the phone, and he signed the authorization of the real person at that time. He said that I read your script, and we liked it very much. At home, my daughter also read it, and she said on the ground, Dad, you never celebrate your birthday. Ding Song told her daughter that movies are movies, and truth is truth. I was moved for the first time. He understands what your career is, because for sports films, it is difficult to deal with the relationship between real characters and drama, but in this film, we have received the support of many prototype characters. This support is the most important support point for the project to persist for five years. "

Ma Shuang also remembers the scene of interviewing Wang Tao at that time: "He talked for more than three hours, and finally his mouth was thirsty. I said to pour you a glass of water. He said that he didn’t need to pour water, so he finished the story first. His last game, betting on him, he said that the 50-meter road he walked seemed to have finished his life, and there was no way to face it calmly. During that game, he saw a piece of red cloth floating in the gym. He said that you must shoot it. Many people said shoot it before, but it just didn’t happen. I have received too much trust, support, care and companionship, which are also the unseen parts behind the movie. "

It is also because of the support of the story prototype that the film is full of the power of truth and courage. After watching the film, the "Five Tiger Generals" in real life asked each other how many times they cried. For the ordinary audience, in fact, you can not just watch it as a sports film. The film shouted a slogan: "You can’t kill Xiaoqiang before you become a big devil!" " When the audience is faced with difficulties and encounters a low point in life, they may gain strength in the film and find the spirit to meet difficulties.

"I was the first audience to watch" China Table Tennis Jedi Counterattack ".On that day, I sat in the last row and found that no one took out their mobile phones. For more than two hours, everyone was mobilized and watched the film."

"This movie, I will definitely take the football team to see it all. Basketball player xin li cried twice, and I was more than her once."

"It’s hard to let the sportsmanship influence these next generation of young people."

Time goes back to April 16, 2018, when Ma Shuang was at a low point in his life and faced with the choice of whether to continue making movies. Many people around said that this project could not be done, and even the partners in the team questioned it, asking Ma Shuang why she was doing this every day. Did you ever think that it could not be done one day? Ma Shuang mentioned: "I told him that if I couldn’t do it, I wouldn’t do it. Later, because of this sentence, he could put down 90% of the work at hand and help me do it. That kind of belief is just like the power conveyed by the film itself. The world will give up on you. Do you want to give up on yourself? In the face of difficulties, we must have a mentality to meet it. I think the film itself can bring this power to everyone. "

I hope the audience can find some light and give some courage to those who are facing the low point of their lives in China Ping-Pong, which will be the best result of the film. I look forward to every audience, using a movie ticket to test the value of "China Table Tennis Jedi Counter-Strike".

Source | Cybertron Author | Xiao Wan

The varieties of 42 enterprises passed the consistency evaluation, among which Huahai Pharmaceutical, Unacon and Yangzijiang Pharmaceutical were the top three, followed by Hengrui Pharma, Jingxin Pharmaceutical, Haosen Pharmaceutical and Zhengda Tianqing.

42 pharmaceutical companies have reviewed varieties.

Now in mid-November, the overall progress of consistency evaluation has become the most concerned topic for all pharmaceutical companies. A few days ago, according to the incomplete statistics of CyberBlue, a total of 107 product specifications passed the consistency evaluation, among which 42 enterprises passed the consistency evaluation (the number of branches passed was included in the head office).

In statistics, one product specification of 18 pharmaceutical companies passed the consistency evaluation; Two of the 10 pharmaceutical companies have passed the consistency evaluation; Three varieties of seven pharmaceutical companies have been evaluated; Four varieties of three pharmaceutical companies have been reviewed; Four pharmaceutical companies have more than five product specifications.

(Source: Cyberblue)

Among them, Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. passed the consistency evaluation, while Yangzijiang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Unacon Co., Ltd. passed the consistency evaluation, and Hengrui Pharma Co., Ltd. passed the consistency evaluation. Zhejiang Jingxin Pharmaceutical, Haosen Pharmaceutical and Zhengda Tianqing all passed the consistency evaluation.

The consistency evaluation of Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical, Yangzijiang Pharmaceutical and Unacon has made rapid progress.

(Source: Cyberblue)

Huahai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Consistency Evaluation of Overtaking in Curves

According to the annual report of Huahai Pharmaceutical, Huahai Pharmaceutical has invested more in the over-evaluation research and development of irbesartan tablets, fosinopril tablets, lisinopril tablets and losartan potassium tablets.

The annual report shows that in 2017, the company’s R&D expenditure was 438.2377 million yuan, a year-on-year increase of 20.38%, accounting for 8.76% of the operating income of that year. The main reason is that the company has continuously increased the declaration and conformity evaluation of domestic new products, increased the R&D investment in biopharmaceuticals, new drugs, first imitation drugs, innovative pharmaceutical preparations, and accelerated the declaration of new products and models in markets such as the United States and the European Union.

Compared with other enterprises with more varieties, Huahai Pharmaceutical is characterized by adopting the form of "overtaking in corners"

—— Its overseas drugs with quality regulations enter the domestic market through supplementary application for domestic listed varieties and direct application for four kinds of new drugs overseas, and only need to BE declared with overseas listed test data, which will greatly reduce the cost and time of declaration compared with similar products enterprises that need to do BE experiments in China.

For example, its valsartan tablet is the first oral preparation of Huahai Pharmaceutical, which has been listed in Europe and America, and it is deemed to have passed the consistency evaluation if it is declared with overseas data.

Cebolan made statistics on the disclosure announcement of Huahai Pharmaceutical. Except for its product "Voriconazole Tablets", its R&D cost is an important basis for the company’s sales pricing in the US market. The important cost data is corporate trade secrets, and the R&D investment data has not been disclosed.

The total R&D investment of the remaining 9 evaluated varieties of Huahai Pharmaceutical is 44.08 million.

Among them, valsartan tablets have the largest R&D investment of 16.6 million, followed by donepezil hydrochloride tablets with 9.25 million R&D investment.

(Source: Cyberblue)

Unacon: Both are the first enterprises that have been appraised.

According to the statistics of Cybertron, Unacon has passed 7 product specifications and 5 varieties.

Unacon’s semi-annual report shows that the company has been actively promoting consistency evaluation. At the same time, make full use of the opportunity brought by consistency evaluation, strive for greater market share for products, and establish strategic cooperation with core distributors to expand and sink the terminal market to primary medical institutions.

Unacon didn’t disclose its R&D expenses, but according to the statistics of Cybertron, all the evaluated varieties in Unacon were "enterprises that passed the conformity evaluation for the first time".

Metformin hydrochloride: According to the data, metformin, as the most widely used oral hypoglycemic agent in clinic, has been crowned as the "magic medicine". Therefore, according to the statistics of Medical Rubik’s Cube, as a 289 variety, there are as many as 130 drug approval numbers for metformin, including 116 metformin hydrochloride tablets, 8 metformin hydrochloride enteric-coated tablets, 4 metformin hydrochloride enteric-coated capsules and 2 metformin hydrochloride capsules. The consistency evaluation of metformin is bound to be a "drama".

Among them, Unacon submitted its domestic listing application on the condition of "listing in the United States". On July 24th, Unacon’s metformin hydrochloride tablets obtained the registration approval of CFDA, and were officially approved for listing, taking the lead in evaluating the consistency of metformin.

Paclitaxel for injection (albumin-bound): In July, Paclitaxel for injection (albumin-bound) produced in Unacon (trade name Ke Aili) has been included in the Catalogue of Listed Drugs in China. Ke Aili has completed the clinical BE test before applying for new drug registration, and it is deemed to have passed the consistency evaluation, so it can be used instead of the original research product. In this declaration, Unacon surpassed Hengrui, who is known as the "First Brother in R&D", and won the first imitation.

Captopril Tablets: On July 3rd, Captopril Tablets (25mg) produced by Unacon Ouyi Pharmaceutical Company passed the evaluation of the consistency of generic drug quality and efficacy. Unacon Ouyi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. became the first enterprise to pass the consistency evaluation of Captopril tablets.

Tramadol Hydrochloride Tablets: On May 21st, Unacon announced that the group’s "Chimet" (tramadol Hydrochloride Tablets (50mg)) has been approved by china food and drug administration to pass the consistency evaluation of generic drug quality and efficacy, becoming the first enterprise in China to pass the consistency evaluation of this variety. It is reported that tramadol Hydrochloride Tablets are one of the key products of the group’s analgesic drugs.

Azithromycin tablets: On April 12th, Unacon announced that the group "Weihong" (azithromycin tablets (0.25g and 0.5g)) had passed the consistency evaluation of generic drugs, becoming the first enterprise in China to pass the consistency evaluation. It is reported that azithromycin tablets are one of the key products of the group’s anti-infective drugs.

Yangzijiang Pharmaceutical: Sustained efforts in mid-2018

Up to now, according to the statistics of Cybertron, seven specifications and five varieties of Yangzijiang Pharmaceutical have passed the consistency evaluation, among which five varieties of amlodipine besylate tablets, montmorillonite powder, glimepiride tablets, enalapril maleate tablets and dexmedetomidine hydrochloride injection have been evaluated.

In the carding process, Ceibaran found that all the remaining varieties passed the consistency evaluation from June to September 2018 except Enalapril Maleate Tablets which were reviewed in September 2017, and Yangzijiang Pharmaceutical continued to exert its strength and continuously reviewed in mid-2018.

(Source: Cyberblue)

From this, it can be seen that the style of Yangzijiang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. is to accumulate wealth and make thin hair. At a certain stage, it will exert its strength and continuously evaluate many varieties. When the 289 deadline is coming, Yangzijiang may be accumulating strength and making a big move, which is worth looking forward to.

To sum up, 42 enterprises have varieties that have passed the consistency evaluation, among which Huahai Pharmaceutical, Unacon Pharmaceutical and Yangzijiang Pharmaceutical are the top three, followed by Hengrui Pharma Pharmaceutical, Jingxin Pharmaceutical, Haosen Pharmaceutical and Zhengda Tianqing, and the deadline of 289 is coming soon. All pharmaceutical companies should pay close attention to it.

Municipal Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Municipal Hospital Management Center, District Health and Health Committees, and relevant medical and health institutions:

　　In order to implement the Three-year Action Plan for Strengthening the Construction of Public Health Emergency Management System in Beijing (2020-2022) and strengthen the construction of public health system in our city, we hereby print and distribute the Beijing Training Plan for Medical Prevention Integration (2020 -2022) to you, please follow it. If you have any questions, please feedback to our Committee in time.

Beijing Municipal Health and Wellness Committee　　　　

December 1, 2020　　

　　(Contact person and contact information: Jingjing Shi, 83970736; Bai Bing, 83970737)

Beijing Medical and Prevention Integration Training Program (2020 -2022)

　　In order to implement the spirit of the opinions of the municipal party committee and municipal government on strengthening the construction of public health emergency management system and the requirements of the action plan, improve the ability of health professionals in disease prevention and control institutions, pre-hospital medical emergency institutions and secondary and tertiary medical institutions to deal with public health emergencies, and strengthen the integration of medical care and public health, this plan is formulated in light of the actual situation of this Municipality.

　　I. Guiding ideology

　　Guided by the integration of medical care and prevention, around the cross-training needs, improve the training system with the core of competence in dealing with public health emergencies. By carrying out standardized training to fill shortcomings, plug loopholes and strong and weak items, we will build a team of high-quality, skilled and capable medical and preventive compound backbone doctors, and further improve the emergency support ability and level of public health emergencies in the city.

　　Second, the training objectives

　　Through the planned and organized training on the integration of medical care and prevention, by 2022, the number of health professionals and technicians who have cross-trained among disease prevention and control institutions, pre-hospital medical emergency institutions and secondary and tertiary medical institutions in the city will reach more than 600, and a number of training bases and training materials combining public health with clinical medical care will be built.

　　Third, the training target

　　(a) two or three medical institutions to be promoted to vice high titles of internal medicine (including internal medicine, pediatrics, emergency department, general practice, infectious diseases) physicians.

　　(two) the emergency center intends to be promoted to the vice high title of clinician.

　　(three) the Center for Disease Control and Prevention intends to be promoted to a public health physician with the title of associate senior.

　　(4) Other doctors who voluntarily participate in the training.

　　Fourth, the training content

　　Clinicians in secondary and tertiary medical institutions mainly strengthen public health emergency ability, pre-hospital medical emergency ability and infectious disease diagnosis and treatment ability. Clinicians in emergency centers and public health doctors in centers for disease control and prevention mainly focus on strengthening the ability of clinical diagnosis and treatment, prevention and control of nosocomial infection and diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.

　　(A) public health emergency response capacity

　　Laws and regulations on the prevention and control of infectious diseases, key points and prevention and control schemes for emerging and sudden infectious diseases, health emergency response strategies for public health emergencies, skills in dealing with infectious diseases such as protection, isolation, transshipment and disinfection, epidemiological investigation techniques and other public health emergency knowledge and technologies. For details, please refer to the Detailed Rules for Public Health Emergency Response Training (Annex 1).

　　(B) clinical diagnosis and treatment and hospital infection prevention and control capabilities

　　For the key points, the diagnosis and treatment plan and early detection ability of new and sudden infectious diseases, the principle of treatment for critically ill patients, and the system and measures for prevention and control of nosocomial infection, please refer to the Training Rules for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention and Control of Hospital Infection (Annex 2) for specific requirements.

　　(3) Pre-hospital medical first aid ability

　　Pre-hospital medical first aid laws and regulations, basic first aid skills, on-site disposal principles, emergency response capabilities, etc. For specific requirements, please refer to the Detailed Rules for Pre-hospital Medical First Aid Training (Annex 3).

　　V. Training Form and Time

　　The integration training of medical care and prevention includes three training modules: course study, practical training and on-the-job training, and the cumulative training time is 6 months.

　　(A) course learning

　　Various laws and regulations, documents and work plans, basic theoretical knowledge, etc., take classroom teaching or internet plus teaching to carry out training.

　　(B) Practical training

　　The contents with high practical requirements, such as public health incident investigation and on-site disposal, personal protection and basic skills of clinical diagnosis and treatment, are carried out by interactive teaching methods combining scenario or simulation teaching, drills and skill assessment.

　　(3) Post exercise

　　According to the training needs and actual work arrangements, the trainees can go to the recognized training bases (including general hospitals, infectious disease hospitals, emergency centers and centers for disease control and prevention, etc.) for short-term training and on-the-job training, and the accumulated training period is not less than half a year before being promoted to the title of deputy senior high school. Among them, clinicians in secondary and tertiary medical institutions go to infectious disease hospitals for one month, emergency centers for not less than three months, and CDC for not less than two months (including course study and practical training); Doctors in emergency center and CDC should go to infectious disease hospital for further study for one month, and general hospital for further study for not less than five months (including course study and practical training).

　　Sixth, the training base

　　According to the training contents, the training bases for medical and prevention integration are the municipal and 16 district centers for disease control and prevention, Beijing Emergency Center, beijing ditan hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing You ‘an Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, and the hospitals where the national standardized training base for internal medicine residents is located. For the list, see the Directory of Beijing Medical and Prevention Integration Training Bases (Annex 4).

　　Seven, training registration, assessment and certification

　　(1) Registration

　　Those who apply for training should fill in the Registration Form of Beijing Medical Prevention Integration Training (Annex 5) and apply to the training department of their unit. After the unit summarizes, they should fill in the Summary Form of Beijing Medical Prevention Integration Training (Annex 6) and put forward training needs to the training base, and the training base will arrange training according to the needs. The specific registration schedule will be announced separately.

　　(2) Examination and certification

　　The training base will assess the personnel who have completed the training. After passing the assessment, the training base will record it on the Training Certificate of Beijing Medical Prevention Integration (Annex 7) and affix the official seal of the unit. "Beijing Medical Prevention Integration Training Certificate" is an important basis for my promotion to deputy senior title.

　　VIII. Safeguard measures

　　(A) to strengthen organizational management

　　The Beijing Municipal Commission of Health and Wellness co-ordinates and manages the training of the integration of medical treatment and prevention in the whole city, sets up an expert committee on the integration of medical treatment and prevention, formulates training plans and detailed rules, makes full use of the high-quality resources of universities, public health institutions and medical institutions in Beijing, compiles training materials, compiles training courseware, organizes training, and supervises and assesses the training work in the whole city. The district health and wellness committees are responsible for mobilizing and deploying the cross-training of medical and prevention integration in medical and health institutions under their jurisdiction, organizing qualified trainees of relevant medical and health institutions to participate in the training, strengthening the construction of regional disease prevention and control centers and emergency stations, and assisting in the coordination and supervision of training. The training base is responsible for implementing the training plan according to the training requirements and registration arrangements, strictly conducting graduation examination, improving the safeguard measures, and effectively ensuring the training quality. The secondary and tertiary medical and health institutions, emergency centers (stations) and CDC shall, according to the training requirements, reasonably arrange relevant professionals to participate in the training, and provide necessary guarantee conditions for the trainees.

　　(B) improve the incentive measures

　　Medical and preventive integration training is included in the compulsory project management of continuing medical education at the municipal level, and continuing education credits can be obtained according to relevant regulations after completing the training. Physicians in internal medicine (internal medicine, pediatrics, emergency department, general practice, infectious diseases department) and emergency centers (stations) and centers for disease control and prevention at all levels in the second and third-level medical institutions in this city shall complete the training of medical prevention integration for not less than half a year before being promoted to the title of deputy high school, and the training time shall be included in the service time of medical personnel to rural grassroots or community health service institutions. From 2021 onwards, those who have completed the training of integration of medical care and prevention will be recommended for promotion first, and from 2023 onwards, it will be one of the necessary conditions for promotion. Other physicians who voluntarily participate in and complete the training of integration of medical care and prevention shall apply the provisions of this scheme and be recommended first before being promoted to the title of associate senior high school.

　　(3) Guarantee the investment of funds

　　The training funds for the integration of medical care and prevention are invested by the government, units and society. The municipal finance arranges special funds to ensure the compilation of teaching materials, courseware recording, practical teaching, supervision and assessment, etc. The training base provides necessary learning and living conditions for the implementation of training. The unit where the trainees work provides them with convenient conditions and guarantees their treatment during the training period. Encourage social funds to support the training of medical and prevention integration.

　　Attachment: 1. Detailed Rules for Training Public Health Emergency Response Capability

　　　　　2. Training rules for clinical diagnosis and treatment and hospital infection prevention and control ability

　　　　　3. Pre-hospital medical emergency ability training rules

　　　　　4. List of Beijing Medical Prevention Integration Training Bases

　　　　　5. Beijing Medical Prevention Integration Training Registration Form

　　　　　6. Beijing Medical Prevention Integration Training Summary Table

　　　　　7. Beijing Medical Prevention Integration Training Certificate

Annex 1

Detailed Rules for Training Public Health Emergency Response Ability

　　First, the basic knowledge of public health emergency management

　　(1) Training time: 6 hours of theoretical teaching and 6 hours of practical training.

　　(2) Training place: municipal and district disease prevention and control institutions.

　　(3) Training contents:

　　1. Be familiar with the contents of the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in People’s Republic of China (PRC), and master the relevant rights, obligations and work requirements of employees in medical and health institutions.

　　2. Learn the Regulations of Beijing Municipality on the Administration of Public Health Emergencies, and understand the definition standards, disposal procedures and management requirements of major public health emergencies.

　　Second, infectious disease monitoring and management

　　(1) Training time: 12 hours of theoretical teaching and 1-2 weeks of practical training.

　　(2) Training place: municipal and district disease prevention and control institutions.

　　(3) Training contents:

　　1. Familiar with the legal infectious diseases and classification, understand the information reporting and management norms of infectious diseases and public health emergencies, and master the management process and basic requirements of infectious disease epidemic monitoring report.

　　2. Be familiar with the operation and operation of the network direct reporting system of infectious diseases, and master the definition and standard of routine reporting information.

　　3. Master the principles, methods and main evaluation indexes of quality verification of infectious disease epidemic reports in medical institutions, and write quality evaluation reports.

　　Iii. Epidemiological investigation and on-site disposal

　　(1) Training time: 24 hours of theoretical teaching, 6 hours of practical training and 4-6 weeks of on-the-job training.

　　(2) Training place: municipal and district disease prevention and control institutions.

　　(3) Training contents:

　　1. Understand the concept of epidemic situation of infectious diseases, general principles and procedures for investigation and handling; To master the purpose, significance, basic principles and contents of epidemiological investigation.

　　2. Understand the definition, general investigation and handling principles and procedures of outbreaks, major epidemics and public health emergencies.

　　3. Understand the basic knowledge of diseases requiring case investigation and the main epidemic control measures.

　　4. Understand the judgment criteria, investigation and handling principles and handling procedures of clustering cases and outbreaks of key infectious diseases.

　　5. Master the principles, objectives, significance, technical standards and contents of the main control measures for infectious diseases. Including the judgment of close contacts and cases, isolation management, active search method, disinfection of environment and articles, protection of susceptible people, etc.

　　6. Master the collection and transportation methods and norms of biological samples and external environmental samples in the epidemic situation of infectious diseases.

　　7. Master the epidemiological investigation skills and the specifications and requirements for writing investigation reports.

Annex 2

Training rules for clinical diagnosis and treatment and hospital infection prevention and control ability

　　I. Training Time

　　Post exercise for 6 months, including 1 month in infectious disease hospital and 5 months in general hospital.

　　Second, the training place

　　Infectious disease specialist hospital (beijing ditan hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University and Beijing You ‘an Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University) and general hospital (Beijing standardized training base for resident doctors).

　　Third, the training content

　　(1) Personnel of public health institutions

　　Participate in the daily work and teaching activities of the Sense Control Department by participating in patient management, clinical rounds and various teaching activities. Learn professional theoretical knowledge and skills related to the training requirements of the ability of combining medical treatment with prevention.

　　Infectious Disease

　　1. Rotation purpose

　　Master:

　　(1) Disinfection, isolation and protection measures for infectious diseases;

　　(2) novel coronavirus’s knowledge of etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles;

　　(3) Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of influenza and avian influenza;

　　(4) legal infectious disease reporting and handling procedures.

　　Familiar with:

　　(1) Clinical epidemiology and prevention of nosocomial infection;

　　(2) Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and plague;

　　(3) Principles of diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of intestinal infectious diseases such as typhoid fever, bacillary dysentery, amoebiasis and bacterial food poisoning; Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of norovirus-infected diarrhea;

　　(4) Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis A, B, C and E; Antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C;

　　(5) Etiological knowledge, natural history, clinical manifestations, primary screening and confirmation, and antiviral treatment principles of human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS);

　　Understand:

　　(1) Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment of new Bunia virus infection (fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome);

　　(2) Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment of yellow fever, dengue fever, Zika and malaria;

　　(3) Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment of anthrax and brucellosis; Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment of Ebola hemorrhagic fever

　　(4) Diagnosis and treatment of parasitic diseases;

　　(5) Pathogenesis and anti-shock treatment of sepsis and septic shock;

　　(6) Clinical application of antibacterial drugs.

　　2. Basic requirements

　　(1) learning symptoms, disease requirements:

　　No less than 12 inpatients are required to participate in the management.

　　(2) Basic skill requirements:

　　Procedures for disinfection and isolation; Graded protection requirements. Carry out intensive practice rotation in fever clinic

　　3. Higher requirements

　　On the basis of basic requirements, you should also learn the following diseases and skills.

　　(1) learning diseases:

　　Diagnostic thinking of infectious mononucleosis, toxoplasmosis, rabies and fever of unknown origin.

　　(2) Clinical knowledge and skills requirements:

　　Lumbar puncture operation

　　Cardiovascular Department (1 month)

　　1. Rotation purpose

　　Familiar with: the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of common symptoms of cardiovascular system (including chest pain, dyspnea, palpitation and syncope); Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of common cardiovascular diseases; Diagnosis and treatment of acute and severe cardiovascular diseases; Application of commonly used drugs for cardiovascular diseases; Common typical ECG diagnosis; Electrical defibrillation technology.

　　Understanding: Basic knowledge of cardiac electrophysiology, coronary angiography, PCI therapy, cardiac pacing, ambulatory electrocardiogram, ambulatory blood pressure and echocardiography.

　　2. Basic requirements

　　(1) trainee symptoms, disease requirements

　　It is required to participate in the management of at least 10 inpatients.

　　(2) Basic inspection and operation trainee

　　Respiratory medicine (1 month)

　　1. Rotation purpose

　　Familiar with: the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of cough, expectoration, hemoptysis and dyspnea; Epidemiological characteristics, diagnosis and treatment principles of upper respiratory tract infection and influenza; Diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia; Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment principles of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Clinical manifestations, principles of diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer; Concept, classification, clinical manifestations and principles of diagnosis and treatment of respiratory failure.

　　Understand: the pathogenic examination method of pneumonia, the operation method and clinical significance of bronchoscope and medical thoracoscope, the inhalation treatment of respiratory drugs, and the method of quitting smoking.

　　2. Basic requirements

　　(1) Learning symptoms, diseases and cases:

　　Participate in the management of the number of inpatients is not less than 10 cases.

　　(2) Basic inspection and operation trainee

　　Emergency department (1 month)

　　1. Rotation purpose

　　Mastery: Basic methods of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

　　Familiarity: clinical characteristics and preliminary treatment of common emergencies; Commonly used first aid drugs (cardiopulmonary resuscitation, anaphylactic shock, etc.).

　　Understand: emergency department working mode, triage grading standard, emergency department prevention and control workflow and special requirements of prevention and control, including nursing workflow and characteristics.

　　2. Basic requirements

　　(1) Learn the disease requirements: common antibiotics for lung infection and treatment of drug-resistant infection, screening and disposal of emergency influenza cases, identification of rash caused by clinical drug allergy, and participation in the treatment of resuscitation cases from cardiac and respiratory arrest.

　　(2) Clinical first aid skills: master the implementation methods of basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

　　Internal medicine ICU/ respiratory ICU/ comprehensive ICU (for one month)

　　1. Rotation purpose

　　Familiar with: evaluation and transport of critically ill patients; Airway management; Basic hemodynamic monitoring; Clinical application of commonly used first-aid drugs (cardiopulmonary resuscitation and vasoactive drugs, antibacterial drugs, antiarrhythmic drugs, antispasmodic and antiasthmatic drugs, etc.); Diagnosis, treatment and isolation of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections.

　　Understand: the basic principle and common modes of mechanical ventilation; Deep venous thromboembolism; Severe systemic infection and septic shock; Sedation and analgesia; Monitoring of nervous system function; Indications and clinical application of nutritional support.

　　2. Basic requirements

　　(1) trainee symptoms, disease requirements

　　(2) Basic skills training

　　Sensory control office (1 month)

　　1. Rotation purpose

　　Master:

　　Laws, regulations, rules and regulations related to hospital infection management, key technologies of hospital infection prevention and control, including methods of hospital infection monitoring, principles of disinfection, standard prevention and isolation, prevention and control requirements of multi-drug resistant bacteria infection, prevention and control requirements of surgical site infection, monitoring and control requirements of central venous catheter-related infection, catheter-related urinary tract infection and ventilator-associated pneumonia, and key requirements of infection prevention and control in key departments such as operating room, disinfection supply center and infectious diseases department. Disease prevention and control hospital management process, medical staff’s own protection knowledge and skills, etc.

　　The legal and regulatory requirements, systems and processes of disease control, especially infectious disease management, infectious disease reports, management points of fever clinics, and the connection mechanism with hospital infection management and off-campus management departments.

　　Understand:

　　Diagnostic criteria of hospital infection cases, common methods and technical points of hospital disinfection, key points of isolation technology and key points and difficulties in implementation. Key points and difficulties in hospital infection prevention and control in key parts and departments. Difficulties in the implementation of disease prevention and control in hospitals.

　　Occupational protection of medical staff, monitoring of various diseases including respiratory infectious diseases and AFP, health education of patients, management of chronic diseases of patients, management of disease control information, etc.

　　2. Basic requirements

　　(1) be familiar with the basic requirements and key points of relevant laws, regulations, systems and processes of hospital infection management.

　　(2) Complete hospital infection monitoring in 3 internal medicine wards, 3 surgical wards and 1 intensive care unit (completed under the guidance).

　　(3) Participate in monthly on-site supervision of wards and intensive care units.

　　(4) Complete the study of infection prevention and control points and supervision points in key departments such as operation department, disinfection supply center, intensive care unit, hemodialysis center and endoscopic center.

　　(5) to participate in the management and supervision of occupational protection of medical staff in the whole hospital.

　　(6) Be familiar with the laws, regulations, systems, processes, management principles and requirements of hospital infection prevention and control of infectious diseases.

　　(7) Master the management requirements and key points of fever clinic.

　　(8) Grasp the key points and difficulties of infectious disease management, especially respiratory infectious disease management.

　　3. Higher requirements

　　(1) Management requirements for the rational use of antibacterial drugs.

　　(2) Participate in a project of hospital infection prevention and control and implement it.

　　(3) can independently handle and manage the hospital infection management in the ward.

　　(4) To design an investigation scheme for the cluster epidemic situation of hospital infection.

　　(5) Be able to independently inspect the work of infection control and infectious diseases in fever clinics.

　　(6) Be able to independently coordinate and handle the management requirements and procedures of patients with respiratory infectious diseases in the hospital.

　　(2) Personnel of pre-hospital medical emergency institutions

　　Participate in the daily work and teaching activities of the Sense Control Department by participating in patient management, clinical rounds and various teaching activities. Learn professional theoretical knowledge related to the training requirements of the ability of combining medical treatment with prevention.

　　Infectious Disease

　　1. Rotation purpose

　　Familiar with:

　　(1) Disinfection, isolation and protection measures for infectious diseases;

　　(2) novel coronavirus’s knowledge of etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles;

　　(3) Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of influenza and avian influenza;

　　(4) Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and plague;

　　(5) Principles of diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of intestinal infectious diseases such as typhoid fever, bacillary dysentery, amoebiasis and bacterial food poisoning; Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment principles of norovirus-infected diarrhea;

　　(6) Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis A, B, C and E; Antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C;

　　(7) Etiological knowledge, natural history, clinical manifestations, primary screening and confirmation, and antiviral treatment principles of human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS);

　　(8) Reporting and handling procedures for legal infectious diseases.

　　Understand:

　　(1) Clinical epidemiology and prevention of nosocomial infection;

　　(2) Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment of new Bunia virus infection (fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome);

　　(3) Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment of yellow fever, dengue fever, Zika and malaria;

　　(4) Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment of anthrax and brucellosis; Etiological knowledge, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic basis, differential diagnosis and treatment of Ebola hemorrhagic fever

　　(5) Diagnosis and treatment of parasitic diseases;

　　(6) Pathogenesis and anti-shock treatment of sepsis and septic shock;

　　(7) Clinical application of antibacterial drugs.

　　2. Basic requirements

　　(1) learning symptoms, disease requirements:

　　No less than 12 inpatients are required to participate in the management.

　　(2) Basic skill requirements:

　　Procedures for disinfection and isolation; Graded protection requirements. Carry out intensive practice rotation in fever clinic

　　3. Higher requirements

　　On the basis of basic requirements, you should also learn the following diseases and skills.

　　(1) learning diseases:

　　Diagnostic thinking of infectious mononucleosis, toxoplasmosis, rabies and fever of unknown origin.

　　(2) Clinical skill requirements:

　　Lumbar puncture operation (2 cases on probation).

　　Emergency department (1 month)

　　1. Rotation purpose

　　Master: classification standard of patients admitted in hospital, judgment of disease severity, disease severity and risk score, diagnosis and treatment process of chest pain center, and diagnosis and treatment process of stroke center; Master the reporting process and prevention and control points of infectious diseases in emergency; Basic theory and progress of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR); Diagnostic thinking, differential diagnosis and treatment of common emergencies; Selection, result judgment and clinical significance of auxiliary examination for common emergencies; Rational clinical use of commonly used first-aid drugs (cardiopulmonary resuscitation and vasoactive drugs, cardiotonic diuretics, antispasmodic and antiasthmatic drugs, analgesics, hemostatic drugs, antiarrhythmic drugs, etc.).

　　Understand: the principles of handling various crises (such as hypertension crisis, thyroid crisis, etc.), serious disorder of water electrolyte and acid-base balance.

　　2. Basic requirements

　　(1) learning symptoms, disease requirements:

　　The total number of patients who are required to participate in the consultation and treatment is not less than 50.

　　(2) Basic skill requirements:

　　3. Higher requirements

　　On the basis of basic requirements, you should also learn the following diseases and skills.

　　(1) disease requirements: multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)

　　(2) Clinical knowledge and skill requirements: the basic clinical application of invasive ventilation.

　　(3) Report 2 clinical cases (PPT presentation)

　　Respiratory medicine (1 month)

　　1. Rotation purpose

　　Master: the diagnostic thinking and differential diagnosis of hemoptysis, chest pain and dyspnea; Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of common respiratory diseases (pneumonia, bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary embolism, respiratory failure and pneumothorax); Usage and rational application of inhaled drugs; Indications and contraindications of bronchoscopy and medical thoracoscope examination and treatment; Interpretation of arterial blood gas analysis.

　　Understanding: lung cancer, sleep apnea hypopnea, pleural effusion; Mechanical ventilation and noninvasive ventilation technology; Atomization therapy; Interpretation of lung function examination.

　　2. Basic requirements

　　(1) Learning symptoms, diseases and cases:

　　It is required to participate in the management of at least 10 inpatients.

　　(2) Basic skills training:

　　3. Higher requirements

　　On the basis of basic requirements, you should also learn the following diseases and skills.

　　(1) learning diseases:

　　Lung cancer, tuberculosis, pleural effusion, sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome.

　　(2) Clinical knowledge and skills requirements:

　　Probation: bronchoscopy, pulmonary function examination, polysomnography and respiratory monitoring. Imaging examination and interpretation of common respiratory diseases;

　　Participation: mechanical ventilation, noninvasive ventilation.

　　(3) Requirements for foreign language, teaching, scientific research and other abilities:

　　Complete a foreign literature review or reading report, and participate in teaching and research activities.

　　Cardiovascular Department (1 month)

　　1. Rotation purpose

　　Master: applied anatomy and physiology of cardiovascular system; Anatomical and functional characteristics of cardiac conduction system; Diagnostic ideas and differential diagnosis of common symptoms of cardiovascular system (including chest pain, dyspnea, palpitation, syncope and dizziness); Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of common cardiovascular diseases; Diagnosis and treatment of acute and severe cardiovascular diseases; Rational use of commonly used drugs for cardiovascular diseases; Chest x-ray manifestations of common cardiac morphological abnormalities; Common typical ECG diagnosis; Electrical defibrillation technology.

　　Understanding: Basic knowledge of cardiac electrophysiology, coronary angiography, PCI therapy, pericardiocentesis, cardiac pacing, ambulatory electrocardiogram, ambulatory blood pressure and echocardiography.

　　2. Basic requirements

　　(1) Learning symptoms, diseases and cases:

　　No less than 15 inpatients are required to participate in the management.

　　(2) Basic skills training:

　　3. Higher requirements

　　On the basis of basic requirements, you should also learn the following diseases and skills.

　　(1) learning diseases:

　　Pericardial disease, pulmonary vascular disease, infective endocarditis, common adult congenital heart disease.

　　(2) Clinical knowledge and skills requirements:

　　Understanding: pericardiocentesis, temporary cardiac pacing.

　　Interpretation of the report: ambulatory blood pressure, ambulatory electrocardiogram and echocardiography.

　　(3) Requirements for foreign language, teaching, scientific research and other abilities:

　　Complete a foreign literature review or reading report, and participate in teaching and research activities.

　　Internal medicine ICU/ respiratory ICU/ general ICU(1 month)

　　1. Rotation purpose

　　Master: diagnosis and emergency treatment of common critical diseases; Evaluation and transport of critically ill patients; Airway management; Basic principles and common modes of mechanical ventilation; Basic hemodynamic monitoring; Clinical application of commonly used first aid drugs (cardiopulmonary resuscitation and vasoactive drugs, antihypertensive drugs, antiarrhythmic drugs, antispasmodic and antiasthmatic drugs, antiepileptic drugs, etc.); Infection and clinical application of antibacterial drugs; Indications of blood transfusion; Indications and clinical application of nutritional support; Diagnosis and treatment of acid-base imbalance and electrolyte disorder.

　　Understanding: Advanced cardiac life support therapy (ACLS); Tension pneumothorax; Venous thromboembolic diseases; Severe systemic infection and septic shock; Bedside respiratory function monitoring (airway resistance, respiratory system compliance); Bedside cardiac output monitoring (preload, afterload, myocardial contractility); Sedation and analgesia; Monitoring of nervous system function (intracranial pressure, jugular bulb oxygen saturation).

　　2. Basic requirements

　　(1) Learning symptoms, diseases and cases:

　　It is required to participate in the management of at least 10 inpatients.

　　(2) Basic skills training:

　　3. Higher requirements

　　On the basis of basic requirements, you should also learn the following diseases and skills.

　　(1) disease requirements:

　　Tension pneumothorax, venous thromboembolic diseases, severe systemic infection and septic shock.

　　(2) Clinical knowledge and skills requirements:

　　Arterial puncture (operation), bedside cardiac output and respiratory function monitoring, head, chest and abdomen imaging examination and interpretation, nervous system function monitoring, tension pneumothorax diagnosis and treatment.

　　(3) Requirements for foreign language, teaching, scientific research and other abilities:

　　1 foreign literature review or reading report; Participate in teaching and scientific research activities.

　　Sensory control office (1 month)

　　1. Rotation purpose

　　Master: requirements, systems and processes of relevant laws and regulations on hospital infection management and infectious disease management, key technologies of hospital infection prevention and control, including methods of hospital infection monitoring, standard prevention, principles of hand hygiene and disinfection, isolation principle, requirements for hospital infection prevention and control of multi-drug resistant bacteria, and disposal of medical wastes. Emergency plan for prevention and control of nosocomial infection, knowledge and skills of medical staff’s own protection, hospital management process of disease prevention and control, and requirements for reporting infectious diseases.

　　Understand: the commonly used methods and technical points of hospital disinfection, the key points of isolation technology and the key and difficult points of implementation. Difficulties in hospital implementation of disease prevention and control.

　　2. Basic requirements

　　(1) through the diagnosis and treatment work, master the hospital infection management and infectious disease management related laws and regulations, systems and processes.

　　(2) Master the principles and reporting requirements of hospital infection prevention and control of infectious diseases.

　　(3) Through clinical diagnosis and treatment, master the standard prevention, hand hygiene, prevention and control measures of multi-drug resistant bacteria infection, etc.

　　(4) Through clinical diagnosis and treatment, master the reporting requirements of pre-inspection and triage and infectious diseases.

　　(5) Through clinical practice, master the classification requirements of medical staff’s self-protection, the corresponding protection skills and the emergency treatment process of occupational exposure.

　　(6) Through drills, master the emergency plan and disposal process of hospital infection prevention and control.

　　3. Higher requirements

　　(1) through the diagnosis and treatment work, master the hospital infection monitoring methods and diagnostic criteria.

　　(2) Master the rational use of antibacterial drugs.

　　(3) Complete the study of infection prevention and control points and supervision points in key departments such as emergency department, ward, operation department, disinfection supply center, intensive care unit, hemodialysis center and endoscopic center.

　　(4) Understand the requirements and measures of isolation and the classification and disposal of medical wastes.

　　(5) Be familiar with the specific requirements and measures of infection prevention and control in various invasive operations.

　　Fourth, training registration

　　(1) CDC unit: Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

　　Tel: 64407255

　　(2) Pre-hospital medical emergency system Unit: Beijing Emergency Center

　　Tel: 66098037

Annex 3

Detailed rules for pre-hospital medical first aid ability training

　　I. Training Time

　　On-the-job training lasts for 3 months, including 1 week of rotation training, 1 week of internship with the car and 10 weeks of independent duty.

　　Second, the training place

　　Beijing Emergency Center and emergency center stations in all districts (excluding Xicheng District)

　　Third, the training content

　　(1) Rotation training

　　Pre-hospital medical emergency work flow, the use of commonly used emergency supplies and equipment, the handling and transshipment of patients, the identification and disposal of common acute and critical patients in pre-hospital medical emergency, the four basic techniques of trauma, the classification and on-site disposal of emergencies, etc.

　　(2) Internship with the car

　　One-on-one internship with the car under the guidance of the teaching teacher, familiar with the daily workflow of pre-hospital medical first aid, and master the contents learned in the theoretical training course.

　　(3) Independent duty service

　　Independent completion of pre-hospital medical emergency work, in principle, according to the way of 4 shifts and 2 operations, that is, day shift, night shift, night shift and rest, the specific emergency center station is responsible for management.

Although the collection of statistical data mainly refers to the collection of original data, and the statistical investigation methods to be introduced later also focus on the collection of original data, the collection of data actually includes not only the collection of original data but also the collection of secondary data (second-hand data). In many cases, statistical research is based on mastering secondary data.

Secondary data (second-hand data) refers to statistical data collected and collated by others. Under certain conditions, researchers may not be able to collect data in person, or they may know that some data have been investigated by others, so it is not necessary to do it again. At this time, it is necessary to collect second-hand information to meet the needs of research. This kind of secondary data based on other people’s investigation is also called the indirect source of data.

Common indirect sources of data mainly include:

(1) published data. Mainly from government departments, organizations, schools, scientific research institutions, etc., such as: China Statistical Yearbook, Compilation of Population Census Data, Beijing Statistical Yearbook, World Development Report, research data released by a university or scientific research institution, survey results data released by professional survey consulting institutions, statistical data released by various media, books and newspapers, etc.

② Unpublished data. For example, the business report data of various enterprises and the unpublished survey results data of professional survey and consulting institutions. It should be noted that if you cite unpublished data, you should pay attention to compliance, get the consent of the data owner, and be responsible for the consequences of using these data yourself.

③ Data crawled by the network. In the era of big data, the scale of data is also growing massively. There is a large amount of data in the Internet, which can be in the form of numbers, tables and other structured forms, or in the form of voice, pictures, text, video and other unstructured methods. People can automatically or manually obtain data by using technical means such as web crawler, and process and sort out these crawled data for analysis. These data are also second-hand data relative to the data crawlers, because the process of data from scratch was realized by others, not by the data crawlers, and the data crawlers only completed the work of data integration or sorting.

Proper use of indirect data can save manpower, material resources, financial resources and time in practice, and achieve better results and benefits. However, we should pay attention to its applicability and timeliness when using indirect data. Researchers should analyze whether the purpose of collecting original data is consistent with their own research purpose, find out whether the method of collecting original data is scientific, whether the provider of original data is fair and objective, and also pay attention to whether the meaning, calculation caliber and calculation method of data are comparable to avoid data misuse or abuse. In addition, try not to use outdated data, and when quoting second-hand data, be sure to indicate the source or source of the data, and respect the labor achievements of others.