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Rain, snow, who is in charge？

　　At the turn of winter and spring, the temperature rises and falls, and cold air and warm and humid air frequently fight. Will it rain or snow when they meet in a narrow road? Come on, let’s talk about it.

　　First of all, whether it rains or snows, it will fall from the sky. So what are they like at high altitude? Generally speaking, the higher the altitude, the lower the temperature, so the precipitation usually exists in the form of solid, that is, snow or ice crystals. Whether it rains or snows is simply determined by the low-altitude temperature.

　　Well, there is such a small snowflake, which collides and condenses in the sky, and finally it is too fat to hold the atmosphere and has to fall from the sky. If she has been "cold-shouldered" in the process of falling, and the temperature is below 0℃ all the way, then she can keep her shape well and fall as a small snowflake. At this time, some people saw it and said, "Yanshan snowflakes are as big as seats." Some people also sang, "If catkins are not due to the wind." Others joked, "The yellow dog is white and the white dog is swollen."

　　Or this little snowflake. It was "warmly received" in the process of falling, and the temperature was higher than 0℃, so she melted while falling, and when it fell to the ground, it changed into a "vest" and became a small drop of water, and people said, Oh, it’s raining! !

　　However, the reality is often not so simple. The small snowflake is not smooth sailing in its falling process, and it will also taste the "cold and warm" of the world. Sometimes it just melted a little, but it was not completely melted. When it reached the ground, it was frozen again, thus ice particles were produced, and the scientific name was xian. Unlike hail, it belongs to a close relative of snowflake, and usually appears before or when it snows.

　　The more complicated situation is freezing rain, which is a common weather phenomenon in Guizhou, Hunan and other places in winter. In the process of falling, the small snowflake first melts into water droplets, and after falling for a while, the temperature drops below 0℃. It should be condensed into ice crystals or ice particles, but because there is no frozen nucleus to attach, it can only continue to maintain the shape of water droplets. At this time, its "body temperature" is lower than 0℃, which is called "supercooled water droplets". The most remarkable feature of this alienated water drop is instability. When it falls to the ground in the form of rainfall, it will quickly condense into ice on its surface when it meets objects below 0℃.

　　All of the above are discussed for a single small snowflake. In the actual process of rain and snow, there are tens of millions of small snowflakes, which are distributed at different heights and located in different areas. Some are close to cold air and some are warmer, and they will encounter different situations and develop different changes in the process of falling.

　　It snows easily in winter and rains more in summer. In winter, it’s hard to see the trace of snow in the northland, thousands of miles of ice, and Wan Li, and in South China without winter. The temperature in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is high and low, and the fluctuation is large, so the form of precipitation will become extremely complicated.

(Source: Editor of Central Meteorological Observatory: Wang Ruojia)

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＂Free＂ reading ＂light books＂ exam can’t be much worse.

Wen Rumin

　　The summer vacation is over half, and reading is still on the way. Both students and parents will have more or less doubts and even anxiety about reading. Recently, the Commercial Press published Wen Rumin, a professor of Chinese Department in Peking University and editor-in-chief of Chinese textbooks for primary and secondary schools, which systematically expounded his views on reading and Chinese learning. Recently, Wen Rumin accepted an exclusive interview with Yangcheng Evening News.

　　Examinations and reading

　　"Never read" the materials of the college entrance examination questions does not mean "never studied"

　　Yangcheng Evening News: The "Ministry Edition" Chinese textbooks have improved the requirements for reading depth, breadth and speed. Correspondingly, what will happen to the senior high school entrance examination and college entrance examination?

　　Wen Rumin: Some media reported that the "part-edited" Chinese textbooks are "specialized" and do not read, which means that this set of textbooks has returned to "reading-oriented", paying attention to expanding reading areas and learning different types of reading methods. However, in any case, the capacity of textbooks is limited, and there are not many reading articles collected. It is important to draw inferences from others, so that students can expand from textbooks and classroom teaching, and expand their reading surface and reading volume. This is also the requirement of college entrance examination and senior high school entrance examination. I don’t take part in the proposition, but I am concerned about this aspect.

　　Judging from the reading questions of Chinese in recent years, many propositional materials are not from textbooks, covering a wide range, and even selected from some papers with strong professionalism, including politics, economy, science and technology, history, philosophy, etc., giving people the impression that — — What I have learned has not been tested, and what I have tested has not been studied. In fact, "never read" does not mean "never learned", but the test is the transfer of reading ability and the application of methods. The emphasis is on ability, thinking, comprehensive analysis, retrieval and aesthetics, and so on.

　　Candidates who usually read a wide range of books and are active in thinking are like a duck to water in the face of this exam change, and it is easy to get good grades; However, candidates who have a narrow reading range, read only textbooks and only pay attention to "brushing questions" may not adapt and it is difficult to achieve good results. Even if the latter go to college, their weakness of "reading less" will appear, which will restrict their academic development.

　　The college entrance examination proposition began to explore how to test "whole book reading"

　　Yangcheng Evening News: Why should we encourage "reading the whole book" in the "part-edited version" of Chinese textbooks? Some people complain that if the language requires more reading, especially the whole book, it will increase the academic burden. What do you think?

　　Wen Rumin: The "part-edited version" language pays special attention to reading and the original works. In primary schools, there is a "happy reading bar" to guide students to read whole books such as fairy tales, stories and novels. Junior high school has set up a "guide to famous books", which requires reading 12 famous books in three years, and also provides a bibliography of 24 famous books that you choose to read independently. Chinese in senior high school is coming soon. Some students have extended reading after class, or they are required to find books to read by themselves under the driving of study tasks. There is also a special unit of "reading the whole book".

　　Why do you attach so much importance to "reading the whole book"? First, let students contact some original classics relatively completely, so as to "lay the foundation" for the development of life; Second, aiming at the tendency of "fragmented" reading and "shallow reading" brought by online reading, students can return to complete and sound reading and cultivate good reading habits; The third is to "study and nourish the nature", and to "sharpen the temper" by "reading the whole book", cultivate perseverance, cultivate the mind and get rid of impetuousness.

　　The addition of "reading the whole book" has somewhat changed the traditional situation that Chinese textbooks only pay attention to single teaching, which will inevitably have an impact on future teaching and examinations.

　　In recent years, the paper propositions of Chinese college entrance examination and senior high school entrance examination began to explore how to test the situation of "reading the whole book" For example, there are some key details in the exam of A Dream of Red Mansions. If you haven’t read the novel completely and only watched TV, it will be difficult to answer. I think this improvement is conducive to promoting the "reading-based" Chinese teaching and returning to the "essence" of Chinese learning.

　　Some students and parents complain that the increase in reading new textbooks will increase the academic burden. In fact, the amount of reading required by the textbook has been measured. If students have the desire and interest to read, the amount of reading arranged now does not constitute any burden at all. If you don’t want to study, even if the reading volume is as low as the previous textbooks, you can’t finish it. A lot of time is spent repeatedly "doing problems", and the burden is heavy and the effect is not good.

　　Yangcheng Evening News: From the perspective of teaching and examination, are there any quantitative standards or regulations for the reading level of primary schools, junior high schools and senior high schools?

　　Wen Rumin: Chinese is a comprehensive subject, and it is difficult to quantify the teaching effect. However, the basic requirements or minimum standards should still exist, and the Chinese curriculum standards have corresponding provisions. For example, the first and second grades of primary school require reciting 50 excellent poems (paragraphs), and the total amount of extracurricular reading is not less than 50,000 words. Form the habit of reading books and newspapers in the third and fourth grades, and the total amount of extracurricular reading is not less than 400 thousand words. The fifth and sixth grades should be able to browse and read silently at a certain speed. The general reading materials should be no less than 300 words per minute, and the total amount of extracurricular reading should be no less than 1 million words.

　　Junior high school students learn to read poems, narrative and explanatory articles, read simple discontinuous texts, and can skillfully use skimming and browsing methods to expand the reading range. Get into the habit of silent reading, and read general modern texts, with no less than 500 words per minute. Recite 80 ancient poems (paragraphs), and the total amount of extracurricular reading is not less than 2.6 million words.

　　The new Chinese curriculum standard for senior high school requires reading speculative, practical, literary and other texts, reading more than five literary classics and other reading materials by yourself after class, with a total amount of not less than 1.5 million words. In addition, it is suggested to recite 72 ancient poems (including compulsory and optional compulsory). The high school Chinese curriculum standard also divides the academic quality level into five grades, and describes the performance of learning results at different grades, which can be used for reference.

　　Promoting quality education under the background of "exam-oriented education has existed for a long time"

　　Yangcheng Evening News: You advocate that teachers and students should take the boat of exam-oriented education and do something about quality education. How to do less exercises and read more books? How to balance examination and quality education?

　　Wen Rumin: We must vigorously promote quality education. This is the direction, no doubt. However, the pressure of exam-oriented education is huge, which can not be eliminated in a short period of time, and it is also a grim reality. As long as the social competition is fierce, as long as there are selective examinations, exam-oriented education will exist.

　　We are discussing how to promote quality education under the background of "exam-oriented education has existed for a long time", which is a very difficult undertaking and requires preparation for long-term struggle.

　　For many teachers, students and parents, the senior high school entrance examination and college entrance examination are very realistic. They don’t deny the importance of quality education, but they will still put the exam first. This is human nature and understandable. To promote quality education, we should not be divorced from this reality, and we should not completely oppose quality education and exam-oriented education. They are opposed, but they are not either one or the other. Exam-taking ability is also a kind of ability, not all of which can be cultivated by "brushing questions". What we oppose is only those rigid negative educational models that stifle individuality and inhibit creative thinking. It is better to admit that exam-oriented education is "reasonable" at present, and then try to reduce the negative impact of exam-oriented education and gradually expand the space for quality education, which can be changed a little.

　　The so-called "boarding the boat of exam-oriented education and doing something about quality education" means trying to strike a balance between the two. For example, improving the examination, paying more attention to the examination ability, comprehensive quality and creative thinking may "incite" the reform of curriculum and teaching and reduce the negative impact of examination-oriented education. I have said many times that qualified teachers can make students do well in exams without killing their brains and interests, and they will try their best to strike a balance between exam-taking and quality education.

　　"Part-edited" Chinese textbooks are trying to change the practice of simply instilling classroom knowledge and repeatedly "brushing questions", advocating Chinese teaching to give full play to students’ subjectivity in learning, doing less questions and reading more books, hoping to promote the reform of college entrance examination and senior high school entrance examination, make students do well in the exam, and focus on students’ long-term development. This is a balance.

　　Yangcheng Evening News: Some children’s reading has their own preferences and personalized characteristics, and they don’t necessarily like the bibliographies specified and recommended in Chinese books. Should such children respect their preferences and be able to cope with the college entrance examination?

　　Wen Rumin: A key word of Chinese curriculum reform is "giving full play to the subjectivity of students’ learning", and the "part-edited" Chinese textbooks also try to strengthen the subjectivity of students’ learning. Therefore, students’ personal preferences and personalized characteristics of reading should be fully respected.

　　For example, since the senior grade of primary school, students don’t like the list of books opened by teachers very much, and they prefer to choose their own books to read. This is normal. The textbook specifies a small number of required books, and most other bibliographies are optional and not mandatory. Sometimes we don’t have to specify the "required reading" list, but suggest reading a certain range of books, so that students can choose from them, which may be better. There should not be too many "prescribed actions" in the reading process, and it is not appropriate to assign a lot of homework. Don’t always ask for "writing", such as writing the feelings after reading. These tasks are too many and tiring to read, which is not conducive to encouraging more reading. If a student has more free reading, his Chinese literacy will also be improved, and the exam will not be much worse.

　　Yangcheng Evening News: Parents or teachers who let their children read freely are taking risks under exam-oriented education — — Children are also very uneasy about reducing the time for doing problems and other homework to read books. How to grasp this free space and how to balance it with exams?

　　Wen Rumin: There is a question of how to balance current interests and long-term considerations. Give students a certain degree of reading freedom, and students will read more extracurricular books, which will somewhat squeeze the time for "doing problems". The question is, is it the "right way" to learn by repeatedly "doing problems"? According to the analysis of the candidates who have achieved excellent results in Chinese in the college entrance examination in recent years, it is found that they can get good results without "brushing the questions", and most of the students who get high marks have a wide reading range and active thinking. You will soon see that in order to reduce "brushing questions", the new senior high school Chinese no longer sets up after-school exercises, but replaces them with "reading tips" and "unit learning tasks". Therefore, extracurricular reading and free reading will not "hinder" the college entrance examination and the senior high school entrance examination, but may help the examination.

　　I advocate that students should read "casual books". The so-called "idle books" are those books that children choose by themselves and are not necessarily tied to the test objectives. Only when you are allowed to read "casual books" and have the "freedom" of reading can you have interest in reading. College entrance examination and senior high school entrance examination are both important events for students, and it is also appropriate to "study for the exam", but keeping a little space for free reading properly can make your hobbies and potential develop better.

　　Chinese teaching materials and reading

　　Children don’t study, which may be due to the lack of reading atmosphere in the family.

　　Yangcheng Evening News: What worries many parents is how to cultivate their children’s interest in reading.

　　Wen Rumin: There may be many reasons why children don’t have the habit and hobby of reading. The most important reason is that the family lacks the atmosphere of reading. Unless children have a special gift and can eliminate interference, it is difficult for most children to develop the interest and habit of reading in an environment of "no reading". Parents don’t read books themselves, but watch WeChat, play cards and play games all day. How can they make their children fall in love with reading? Parents of primary school students and junior high school students, in particular, must set an example and study with their children as much as possible, at least not to affect their study. Elementary school and junior high school are the best time to develop interest in reading, which is very crucial. If you don’t develop the habit and interest in reading at this stage, it will be very difficult to "catch up" later.

　　Not all books are worth intensive reading. Learn to read and browse quickly.

　　Yangcheng Evening News: You said that primary and secondary school students should learn to read "rolling and crawling" and master reading methods such as intensive reading, browsing, guessing reading, skipping reading and group reading. However, Chinese classes emphasize texts and seldom teach reading methods. How can children learn these reading methods?

　　Wen Rumin: It is true that the situation of "emphasizing texts and seldom teaching reading methods" is widespread in Chinese class. However, the current curriculum reform focuses on students’ dominant position, protects students’ curiosity, imagination and thirst for knowledge, stimulates their interest in learning, and carries out various forms of reading activities to improve teaching effect.

　　The newly promulgated Chinese curriculum standard for senior high schools makes it clear that Chinese teaching should solve "Chinese core literacy". Recently, the Central Committee and the State Council issued a document on deepening education and teaching reform and improving the quality of compulsory education in an all-round way. It also includes stimulating students’ interest in reading, learning to read, and taking reading as a habit and lifestyle. I think those who only pay attention to the text and seldom teach reading methods will be improved. Parents should also learn to follow up and create a good environment for their children to study.

　　I advocate that students should study "continuously", which means that they can learn to read quickly and browse, and they can read without understanding, and their interest is cultivated, and their reading volume is increased, so that their Chinese literacy can be improved. Not all books are worth intensive reading.

　　Network Reading: Learning the Ability of Media Selection and Filtering

　　Yangcheng Evening News: How do you view the influence of online reading and fragmented reading on teenagers? What measures does Chinese education have to deal with this?

　　Wen Rumin: This is indeed a problem. The appearance of the Internet has brought a lot of convenience and promoted the prosperity of society, but it has also caused some troubles. It seems that it is too late for human beings to deal with it in changing their thinking habits and social behavior.

　　The fragmentation, entertainment and superficiality of reading have obvious negative effects on the mental growth of teenagers. There are many students who can’t live without their mobile phones for a moment, and they lack concentration more and more. I’m afraid it’s hard to keep their attention for more than ten minutes. Their thinking is jumping and collage, and their writing articles or language expressions lack coherence and logic. They are either one or the other, black or white, and they often argue fiercely, but they can’t "focus" … … These manifestations are all related to the fragmentation of online reading.

　　As for entertainment, superficiality, blasphemy against classics, contempt for authority, indulging in jokes and jokes, it makes the mind flat and vulgar. This situation has aroused the concern of some people in the education field. Some elite schools have begun to try to restrict students’ use of mobile phones and their exposure to vulgar and popular programs, which is also a last resort.

　　"Cultural fast food" can be contacted, but don’t let "reading taste" be damaged.

　　Yangcheng Evening News: There is a gap between teenagers and classic books. What should I do if I don’t like them?

　　Wen Rumin: It’s not surprising that students don’t like reading classics. It’s a common and natural phenomenon. Because they have a historical distance from the classics, language and form may be separated, and of course there are age factors. Life experience and understanding limit the understanding of the classics. In addition, young people are curious and rebellious. The more schools and teachers ask them to "share" the classics they want to read, the less they may like them, and instead favor those "spoof" and "nonsense" works.

　　How to close the distance between students and classics, so that they can approach classics in a more vivid and friendly way (including the Internet, film and television, etc.) is a topic that educators, including responsible media and cultural businesses, should consider. It is very necessary to explain and spread the classic works in simple terms, but this should not be at the expense of distorting or ridiculing and disassembling the classics.

　　The habit of reading needs to be cultivated, and reading classics needs to be calm and tempered. It is a long process of self-cultivation. Classics are difficult for young people to read because of the isolation of the times. To constantly overcome some reading obstacles, their rich connotations need to be carefully and repeatedly explored, which will not be as enjoyable as reading popular novels. We must first be mentally prepared to "eat books" and overcome that kind of superficial trouble before we can really enter a good reading state. This is also a kind of study habit and perseverance.

　　When selecting all kinds of texts, "Bu Bian Ben" Chinese not only touches the classics, but also fully considers the cultivation of students’ reading habits and the mastery of methods. For different types of books or classics, there are also hints on how to read and what to focus on. Teachers and parents also have the responsibility to make students understand that it is understandable to read some fun and relaxing things online, but we should pay attention to the fact that a lot of information published from the media is mixed with a lot of "cultural garbage". If you come into contact with these "rubbish" frequently, you will be easily influenced by value digestion, relativism and even dance academy’s thoughts, and your reading taste will be ruined, which is really in danger of "lifelong damage".

　　All kinds of popular and best-selling "cultural fast food" can be contacted, but it can’t replace the reading of the original book. If you want to know the taste of pears, you must taste them yourself and read the classics. What you need is the process of understanding, thinking and self-cultivation, which is the "cultivation", that is, the necessary way of spiritual growth.

　　(Text/Yangcheng Evening News reporter Jiang Wei)

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Another kind of reunion dinner is as strong as the annual flavor.

　　The canteen on the construction site is full of laughter.

　　Our reporter Jiang Bo

　　February 11th, Lunar New Year’s Eve. In the dining hall of Longtan River Crossing Project Department of China Railway Bridge Bureau Group, which is located at the boundary between Nanjing Section and Zhenyang Section of the Yangtze River, red lanterns are hung high, paper-cut window grilles and Chinese knots are full of joy, and the taste of the year is strong.

　　"Comrades, New Year’s Eve, have a New Year’s Eve dinner!" Standing at the entrance of the canteen, Du Zhongning, deputy secretary of the Party branch of the project, greeted the workers with a big smile and piled oranges and sweets on the table.

　　"I count, 46 workers who celebrate the New Year on the spot. Today, one can’t be less. I have two cups, and I am a lesbian. I have a gift package to send after dinner." The joy of Chinese New Year is permeated with Du Zhongning’s face.

　　In the kitchen, Chen Shuhao, a 24-year-old boy from anniversary, Heilongjiang Province, is holding his sleeves and cooking a famous northeast dish. "In my hometown, this dish must be eaten during the New Year. This time, so many workers celebrate the New Year on the spot, I must show my hand and let them all taste it. "

　　Among the 46 workers who celebrate the New Year on the spot, there are not only young builders born after 1995, but also old workers who have struggled for the construction of the motherland all their lives. Facing the severe and complicated epidemic prevention and control situation, celebrating the New Year on the spot has become their common choice.

　　Shi Zhong, a 50-year-old quality inspector, has worked in the front line for 30 years and has participated in many national key projects such as Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway. Recalling the number of reunions with his family during the Spring Festival, he said with a smile: "It is a luxury to follow the project and go home for the New Year. I feel very embarrassed in my heart, so I took my children to the construction site this year, which is a reunion with my family. "

　　In the evening, there are already thousands of lights outside the window, and the workers in the house are sitting around and laughing. In the first Spring Festival under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control, they made different choices for the project to be completed as scheduled.

　　Peace is the greatest blessing.

　　Our reporter Tong Zheng

　　The New Year’s Eve dinner is a taste that countless people in China yearn for, and it is also the biggest wish of everyone who works hard outside during the New Year. However, at an unusual time, relatives in different places, they ate a different kind of reunion dinner here.

　　"Happy Chinese New Year!" "Good luck in the Year of the Ox!" "All the best!" ….. On the eve of the Spring Festival, at the construction site of Shuitangjiang Project in Nanning, the left-behind employees of Guangxi Company of China Construction Fifth Bureau held Spring Festival couplets to pay New Year greetings to their relatives, workers and people all over the country.

　　In order to let the left-behind employees have a good New Year, the company has set up five tables of rich reunion dinner in Sashido, a project department of less than 70 square meters, which is full of flavor. "The most famous thing in my hometown is Hu Spicy Soup. The canteen of the project department specially prepared our own hometown specialties for us, so that we can enjoy the taste of our hometown and be as warm as at home during the New Year’s holiday at the construction site." He Jie, an employee who lives in the field, said happily.

　　Qian Jinlong is a new employee of the Shuitangjiang project in Nanning. His hometown is Yiyang, Hunan. In response to the local New Year initiative, he stayed in Nanning this Spring Festival. "I have a long way to go home, and I have to change to a variety of means of transportation, and the contact personnel are complicated. In the special period of epidemic prevention and control, reducing going out is to support anti-epidemic. " After Qian Jinlong told his parents about his decision, their parents expressed their understanding that their only concern was the dining problem during the Spring Festival. "After learning that the project department provides a reunion dinner for employees who spend the New Year on the spot, parents are relieved a lot." Qian Jinlong said that this year, he will pay a New Year call to his parents through video, and then go home after the spring blossoms.

　　Luo Zhiqiang, vice chairman of the trade union of Guangxi Company of China Construction Fifth Bureau, said that the company actively responded to the call of the country "Don’t go home unless necessary, spend the New Year on the spot", and implemented caring measures such as keeping people careful, considerate and warm-hearted, so that employees who stayed in other places for the New Year felt the warmth of home and the taste of the New Year was not discounted.

　　"Although we are in a foreign land, we hang lanterns together and spend the New Year together. This festive atmosphere warms our hearts." Worker Luo Cheng said.

　　The sixth family portrait

　　Our reporter Ma Weiwei.

　　For many people, New Year’s Eve means family reunion, laughter and happiness. But for Wu Tiecheng and many of his colleagues, the New Year’s Eve dinner had to be arranged on the train.

　　Wu Tiecheng, 43, is the conductor of the Z18 train. At 4: 30 pm on February 11th, the reporter came to Harbin Depot and saw Wutie City. He told reporters that he had spent six consecutive Spring Festival on the Z18 train.

　　While working, Wu Tiecheng took out his mobile phone and showed it to reporters. It turned out that there were five family photos in his mobile phone, which were taken by their team during the Spring Festival on the train for five consecutive years.

　　Originally, it was a hard-won Spring Festival break, but because of the epidemic, Harbin Company of China Railway Group adjusted the route map, and Wutie City set out with the team ready.

　　While speaking, the train slowly set off for Harbin West Station. At this time, the train began to officially supply power, and everyone quickly arranged the carriages. Zhang Songyu, a flight attendant, carefully posted the blessing. Li Ling Yunhe and Xia Xinyao picked up a string of red lanterns and hung them on the window. However, the happiest thing is a few male flight attendants, who excitedly surrounded the chef and inquired about the "hard dishes" of the New Year’s Eve dinner.

　　In a blink of an eye, the train stopped at Harbin West Station. In order to comply with the epidemic prevention regulations, the reporter regretted that he could not go with the car, so he said goodbye to everyone here. Soon after returning home, I received a video call from Wu Tiecheng: "Look, Pony, this is our chef preparing a New Year’s Eve dinner. There are eight dishes in total, including fish, ribs, chicken and beef, and two vegetables. We will have a small get-together later."

　　Late at night, Wu Tiecheng called the reporter again by video phone to watch their get-together together together. In the video, everyone is happily sitting in the dining car, and flight attendant Song Lijun is singing and winning applause from colleagues. In front of the camera, after the New Year’s Eve, everyone gathered together, smiled at the camera and took the sixth family photo.

　　Chichu hometown flavor

　　Our reporter Wang Jinhu.

　　During the Spring Festival, the demand for coal for power supply and heating soared. In order to let more people reunite with their families warmly, many employees of Shandong Energy Group choose to celebrate the New Year on the spot and stick to their holiday posts. What’s the taste of their reunion dinner this year?

　　Li Zihao, from Huaibei, Anhui, had a reunion dinner at the home of Master Meng Linglong. Last year, Li Zihao joined the Tieyun Department of Yanzhou Coal Industry of Shandong Energy Group and studied under Meng Linglong. Master Meng told the reporter: "The company asked us to’ treat the disciples like children’ and go home to discuss with our wives. On New Year’s Eve, we simply took our children home for a reunion dinner." On the reunion dinner table, my wife specially prepared the best fried crispy vegetables. After the reunion dinner, the master and apprentice rushed to Dadongzhang Station of Yanzhou Coal Industry to watch the night shift and carry out the task of transporting coal to Huadian Zouxian Power Plant.

　　Chen Delin, a technician of Tangkou Coal Industry Development Zone 1 in Shannengzi Mine, is from Chongqing, and this year is his first New Year holiday in other places. What he didn’t expect was that at the New Year’s Eve dinner specially prepared by the company for the left-behind workers, he actually tasted the authentic hometown flavor: "Sweet and sour, crisp and delicious, this crispy pork slice is authentic!"

　　The miners’ reunion dinner has its own taste, but there is a common taste, that is, the taste of hometown.

　　Author: Jiang Bo Tong Zheng Ma Weiwei Wang Jinhu

Source: Economic Daily

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Cross-border beauty of luxury brands is not as simple as imagined.

Text | Cosmetics News Zou Xinchen

Gucci (Gucci), Prada (Prada), Hermes (Hermes), Burberry (Burberry) … These luxury brands are well-known in the fashion world. In recent years, they have stepped into the beauty industry "cross-border" one after another, which was once regarded as a "dimensionality reduction blow" by KOL and fans. Recently, however, the slow growth of Gucci Beauty seems to be a microcosm of the dilemma of these luxury fashion brands in the beauty market: it is not as easy as imagined that "blue blood" aristocratic luxury brands make beauty across borders.

The rotation of 01 brand creative directors is like a cursory tour, and the beauty product line is overwhelmed.

"Everyone wants to know what’s next for Gucci Beauty." Joan Kennedy, a columnist of Business of Fashion, said in her report.

In 2019, Coty Group relaunched this beauty brand. At that time, the creative director of Gucci was Alessandro Michele, who brought his minimalist and emotional style into all aspects of the brand, and the beauty business was also affected by it. Gucci Beauty’s product packaging is characterized by bright flowers and retro style, and it is featured by punk musicians such as Dani Miller. It is eccentric and exaggerated, which is very in line with Michelle’s aesthetics. "But in terms of product content, it is no different from other brands of eye shadow discs and lipsticks." Joan said.

At first, Michelle’s novel concept caused a shock in the fashion and beauty industries, and the sales of Gucci Beauty products soared. However, with the novelty brought by Michelle’s aesthetics gradually disappearing, consumers’ "aesthetic fatigue" on Gucci has become more and more obvious. During 2020-2021, Gucci’s sales continued to decline. In November 2022, Michelle left her job, and before the new creative director took office, the men’s show in January designed by the former was greatly reduced in scale, and the same reduction also appeared in beauty. Gucci Beauty declined to comment on it.

The dilemma of Gucci Beauty has sparked a heated discussion in the industry about how luxury fashion brands should carry out their beauty business. Historically, it has always been a challenge to combine fashion and beauty makeup, which run on different time axes and serve different customers. For the beauty product line of fashion brands, it may be an effective strategy to "completely accept" the aesthetics of creative directors, but relying too much on the aesthetics of creative directors will also bring risks, especially after luxury brands have developed the habit of rapidly rotating creative directors.

In recent years, the term of the creative director of luxury brands has become shorter and shorter. For example, Ann Demeulemeester, Bottega Veneta and Burberry all "sent away" their former creative directors in less than five years. "If the beauty business is consistent with the overall aesthetic style of the brand, replacing the creative director will inevitably lead to the redesign of the packaging of beauty products, which requires high operation of the operation department and will affect the overall profitability." Tony Wang, founder of brand strategy consulting firm Office of Applied Strategy, said in an interview with BOF.

"For example, in Gucci, it seemed reasonable at that time to let Michelle have more say in beauty, but with the change of brand creative director, Gucci Beauty also followed the overall style of’ Ben Jia’ and chose to take traditional aesthetics as the design center, which caused its brand image to be separated from the previous Michelle period." Tony Wang said, "This image transition is not only slow, but also very expensive."

"Because clothing is seasonal, the cost of redesigning fashion is lower, and consumers will soon forget the style of last season. But in terms of beauty, once you produce a large amount of inventory, it is not easy to change the product packaging. " Tony Wang added.

02 luxury brands are in trouble, beauty and fashion style "fight"

Traditionally, luxury fashion brands sell their beauty products to giants such as L ‘Oreal, Estee Lauder and Coty, who are responsible for the specific development, marketing and distribution of products under the guidance of brand creative directors.

"On the bright side, these authorized beauty product lines can enhance the brand image in disguise. Smaller fashion brands like Ba Erman or Magira can expand their beauty product lines without investing their own funds through authorized cooperation with L ‘Oré al Group. " Mario Ortelli, managing partner of Ortelli & Co., a luxury goods acquisition company, said. "However, in a negative sense, this kind of" two-management "behavior will also split luxury brands, resulting in a lack of cohesion in the brand as a whole, thus weakening the brand image."

"Of course, the licensee naturally wants to renew the contract with the brand, but their top priority is to make as much money as possible during the contract period, rather than maintaining the overall tonality and brand image of luxury brands." Ortelli said, "But for luxury brands, the latter is the most important."

When the beauty products authorized by large groups deviate from the style of the creative director of luxury brands, the results will also confuse consumers. For example, in 2018, Coty Group launched a publicity campaign for Burberry’s "She" perfume, adopting the style of Christopher Bailey, the former creative director of Burberry. However, not long after, Riccardo Tisci, the brand’s new creative director, released the brand concept centered on street clothes and adopted a more modern new logo and letter pattern, and the publicity campaign was dropped.

Similarly, Valentino Beauty, which was launched in 2021, uses big red as the product packaging. Although this hue will remind consumers of the brand image of Valentino in the last century, it has nothing to do with the electro-optical pink recently promoted by Pierpaolo Piccioli, the brand creative director.

"This’ deviation’ means that those’ new’ consumers who are attracted by beauty products lack a clear understanding of the style of luxury brands themselves." Ariel Ohana, managing partner of investment bank Ohana & Co., said, "This chronic’ brand image erosion’ is hard to find, especially if luxury brands cooperate with licensees for a long time."

"The story and overall image created by a brand are the most important assets of luxury brands." Tony Wang also agreed with Ohana that "the brand image found by luxury consumers in the beauty products they buy should be consistent with the brand as a whole, otherwise, it will damage the brand’s long-standing historical reputation."

Ohana added: "If this will damage the overall image and reputation of the brand, even if the brand has performance growth in the next few decades, one day, the brand will pay for it."

Dior: keep a balance between beauty and fashion.

Luxury brands such as Chanel and Dior choose to firmly control the beauty products business in their own hands. This internal operation mode gives brands more control-not to mention higher profit margins. Audrey Depraeter-Montacel, managing director and head of beauty business of Accenture, said, "Many mysteries surrounding the production of beauty products have been solved, and it is easier to launch beauty products now than it was ten years ago. However, this still requires the brand to take out a lot of time and money; In addition to investing in products, marketing and distribution capabilities, operating the beauty business internally requires luxury brands to change their way of thinking and require more interaction between R&D departments and commercial operations departments. "

"A luxury brand like Dior, which has more budget and higher popularity, has stronger independence in its beauty business." Audrey added, "The perfume of this brand has its own uniqueness, but it has little to do with the fashion of the brand. For example, Sauvage perfume endorsed by Johnny depp in 2015 can’t reflect the brand creative director Kim Jones’ understanding of the brand’s men’s wear style. If you ask anyone on the street, they may not know that Sauvage is Dior’s perfume, but it is still the most popular perfume in Dior’s history and a huge driving force for brand performance. "

But even if it is independent like Dior, it still dares not completely separate the brand image from the beauty business. Today, its new design logo is appearing in its cosmetics and perfume products, and the design of its creative director Maria Grazia Chiuri is also appearing in some advertisements of beauty products, such as Grisdiol perfume.

"I think it is necessary to try. Beauty cosmetics can be used as a channel to understand the response of luxury brands to fashion elements, or to attract new audiences, such as Generation Z consumers." Thomas Zeldari, a professor of luxury marketing at new york University, said. "With the increasingly fierce competition in the beauty market, luxury brands now have to compete not only with savvy rising stars, but also with each other. How to strike a balance between fashion style and beauty products is a problem that all major luxury brands need to consider in the future. "

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Technology empowers domestic beauty products to run out of ＂acceleration＂

　　Cctv news　 Recently, the new R&D innovation center laboratory of Shandong Freda Bio-Co., Ltd. was officially opened in Jinan. This R&D innovation center, which is built according to international first-class standards and is full of modernity, science and technology and intelligence, will inject wisdom support into the development of China’s beauty industry.

　　In order to empower domestic cosmetics and enhance their competitiveness in an all-round way, it is urgent to consolidate the scientific research strength of enterprises and enhance their innovation ability. Happily, in recent years, more and more domestic brands are innovating and changing, and the trend of the cosmetics industry is improving. According to the Annual Report on the Development of Domestic E-commerce in Tik Tok in 2021, the sales of domestic e-commerce beauty products in Tik Tok increased by 696% that year. The strong counterattack of high-quality domestic products is behind the continuous improvement of the scientific and technological content of more and more China brands.

　　Cosmetics and medicines are homologous, and wisdom beats. As a beauty brand in China, Shandong Freda Bio-Co., Ltd. has never stopped in scientific research and innovation. It has obtained more than 130 patents, and the conversion rate of patented technological achievements is over 90%. It has also reached technical cooperation with many universities and institutions. At present, by building the three core advantages of scientific research, manufacturing and brand, we will launch new tracks such as e-commerce live broadcast and run out of the "acceleration" against the trend.

　　Yang Suzhen, deputy general manager of Freda Bio-Co., Ltd. introduced that Freda Bio-R&D Innovation Center includes two innovation sections, namely, R&D and product innovation. The R&D section is driven by technological frontiers, engaged in basic scientific research and technological inventions, and carries out original innovation, mainly focusing on research-oriented talents. The product sector focuses on consumer demand, makes use of cutting-edge technology and consumption trends, and strives to create innovative products that consumers are satisfied with from an application perspective, with market-oriented talents as the mainstay. In the future, we will continue to explore systematic research and development, and drive the high-quality development of China beauty cosmetics with scientific and technological innovation.

　　Science and technology are constantly changing people’s lifestyles and consumption behaviors. Domestic beauty cosmetics have seized the key point of technological innovation and will continue to provide consumers with a more "smart" beautiful experience. [Promotion]

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Professional team professional analysis, ensure the winning rate？ Online lottery is a mystery …

　　CCTV News: If someone told you that you can buy lottery tickets on the website, you can technically analyze lucky numbers to ensure the winning rate, just like buying wealth management products. Would you believe it? This kind of thing that sounds like a pie in the sky is likely to be a new trick for criminals to cheat money.

　　Some time ago, Ms. Chen, who lives in Juye County, Heze City, Shandong Province, joined a WeChat financial group when she was surfing the Internet at home.

　　Victim Ms. Chen: Then someone inside said that if you invest, you can get a rebate, and then someone added me to chat alone.

　　Subsequently, a netizen who claimed to be a data analyst added Ms. Chen’s WeChat and recommended a lottery-like wealth management product to her.

　　Ms. Chen’s victim: She told me to buy one (one) lottery ticket, and then recommended my number. The chances of winning the prize were relatively high. Then I listened to him and asked him to help me choose several (group) numbers. As a result, I really earned some money.

　　　According to the recommendation, the lottery ticket purchased by Ms. Chen really won hundreds of dollars. After that, Ms. Chen’s bet became bigger and bigger, from several thousand yuan to tens of thousands of yuan. However, the lottery ticket she bought rarely won again, and she lost 140,000 yuan in just five days.

　　Ms. Chen, the victim: I worked with my partner and worked hard to save it. I immediately threw myself into it. After being swept away, I also regretted it, and my family also complained about me.

　　Ms. Chen felt that she had met a liar and quickly reported to the police. Just as the police launched an investigation, another Ms. Jiang also reported that she was cheated of 130,000 yuan by investing in lottery tickets. In order to recover the loss of the victim as soon as possible, the police handling the case decided to investigate from the flow of defrauded funds.

　　Zhang lei, a policeman of the Criminal Police Brigade of Juye County Public Security Bureau, Heze City, Shandong Province: After the victim invested this money, how did the money flow until this money was finally withdrawn, and the withdrawal place was found in Loudi City, Hunan Province.

　　With the assistance of the police in Loudi, Hunan Province, the police handling the case obtained clues by collecting the video of the withdrawal, arrested three cashiers and followed the trail, and arrested 23 suspects in Changsha, Loudi and Yiyang, Hunan Province. It is understood that the fraud gang headed by Liu has tricked others into investing in gambling by establishing a false gambling website. At present, the suspect has been transferred to the local procuratorate for review and prosecution.

　　Building a fake website to defraud the background can be manipulated artificially.

　　What kind of methods do criminal suspects use to trick these customers into being fooled step by step?

　　In this case, the deceived people first met some so-called "data analysts" in the WeChat financial group.

　　Suspect Zeng: First of all, we add friends to the WeChat group, and then after a simple understanding, we send him the sports lottery, telling him that it can make money, and telling him that we have a professional data analysis team that can win money steadily.

　　According to the criminal suspects, in order to succeed in the fraud, the communication between them and the victims was completely carried out in accordance with the set script.

　　Suspect Wang: There is information on the mobile phone, and then let us answer the customer’s questions according to that information. You ask me hello, I will answer hello, what do I do, and then that’s it, according to that script, that program.

　　In fact, these websites are fake gambling websites established by criminal suspects by purchasing source code. At first, they will let customers taste some sweetness, and the previous small investments will be operated behind the scenes, so that customers will win prizes repeatedly.

　　　Zhang lei, a policeman of the Criminal Police Brigade of Juye County Public Security Bureau, Heze City, Shandong Province: This website is a virtual website, which is not real. In these fraud gangs, some related people are responsible for backstage manipulation, and he will win as much as I let him win.

　　After earning a small amount of money and increasing trust, these so-called "data analysts" began to recommend large-scale lottery purchase schemes to customers, tricking them into transferring money to the accounts on the website to recharge, and then creating the illusion that the newly bought lottery tickets did not win.

　　Suspect Zeng: Until he is convinced of this thing, let him make a big bet and then lose.

　　In fact, the money that the customer recharged to this gambling website account was taken away by the criminal suspect through the bank ATM machine on the day of transfer.

　　The police once again reminded that you must go to a regular physical lottery shop to buy lottery tickets, and don’t trust other people’s investment in lottery tickets, stocks and futures.

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How to move forward after the ＂three changes＂ in the housing market in the Year of the Ox： Don’t buy after death？

　　2008 is a changing year for China real estate market. The role of the national macro-control policy shows that the transaction volume of commercial housing, which used to be booming in supply and demand, has dropped sharply, and the rising house prices are beginning to decline. The capital chain of real estate developers is tight, buyers are in a state of collective wait and see, and the real estate market is booming.

　　When the irrational fanaticism of "real estate speculation by the whole people" gradually weakens, people suddenly find that the changes in the housing market and the rise and fall of housing prices are not as simple as the figures themselves, but involve social and economic development and people’s well-being. As one of the pillar industries closely related to national life, how will China real estate industry at the crossroads balance the two propositions of "promoting growth" and "protecting people’s livelihood" in 2009?

　　The change of the market: the quantity falls and the price lags behind, and the "turning point" of the property market comes.

　　At the end of 2007, Wang Shi, the head of Vanke, put forward the "turning point" theory when the property market in China was still booming, which was refuted by many people inside and outside the industry. However, just one year later, even the most optimistic people have to admit that the real estate market in China is facing a severe situation.

　　According to the data released by the National Bureau of Statistics, from January to November 2008, the national commercial housing sales area was 490 million square meters, down 18.3% year-on-year. Among them, the sales area of commercial housing decreased by 18.8%. At the same time, the monthly year-on-year increase of house prices in 70 large and medium-sized cities nationwide reached an all-time high of 11.3% in January 2008, and the increase rate accelerated and decreased to 0.2% in November 2008. The house prices in index cities such as Shenzhen, Shanghai and Beijing declined to varying degrees.

　　In Shenzhen, where house prices rose all the way in 2007, the average price of commercial housing fell from 17,400 yuan in October 2007 to 11,800 yuan in September 2008, and even fell below the 10,000-yuan mark during the National Day. In the first nine months of 2008, the sales area of new commercial housing in Shenzhen was 2,599,400 square meters, a year-on-year decrease of 47.81%.

　　In Shanghai, with Vanke taking the lead in price reduction, many real estate giants followed suit, and house prices began to turn around. In August 2008, the second-hand housing price index in Shanghai changed from rising to falling for the first time. In September, the price of commercial housing in Shanghai showed obvious signs of decline. Beijing can’t be immune. In September 2008, house prices in Beijing dropped by 0.2% month-on-month, which is the first time that house prices in Beijing have declined since 2005. By November, the increase of housing sales price in Beijing dropped by 2.3 percentage points from the previous month, and the decline rate exceeded 2 percentage points for the first time.

　　The arrival of the "cold winter" in the property market has made the developers who used to be "monolithic" in price "flexible". Many properties have begun to be discounted, buying houses to send property, sending home appliances and even sending cars, and various promotional methods have appeared in BLACKPINK; Property buyers who have always been in a weak position have the confidence to wait and see.

　　Policy change: from "pressure" to "promotion" to ensure healthy development

　　In 2008, the China real estate market, which was at the turning point, began to feel the pressure. The capital chain of real estate developers began to be tight, and the phenomenon of bottom price transaction, auction and even "land withdrawal" began to appear in various places. The sharp cooling of the land market has led to a sharp drop in the land transfer income of local governments. More importantly, as one of the pillar industries, the prosperity of the real estate industry is closely related to the development of local economy.

　　In this context, some local governments have launched measures aimed at "activating" the real estate market. In August 2008, the Shenyang Municipal Government announced a series of plans to warm up the market, and Xi ‘an, Xiamen, Changsha, Chengdu and other places also successively introduced preferential measures for buying houses, including tax exemption and tax reduction, and housing subsidies, hoping to stimulate consumption in the real estate market.

　　After a wave of bottom-up actions to stimulate the recovery of the real estate market, China’s real estate regulation and control policies ushered in an "inflection point" from "suppression" to "promotion" in October 2008. On the 17th of that month, the executive meeting of the State Council made arrangements for the economic work in the fourth quarter. Besides "increasing the scale of affordable housing construction", it first proposed "reducing the taxes and fees for housing transactions and supporting residents to buy houses". In December, a series of preferential measures were introduced intensively. The executive meeting of the State Council held on December 17th put forward policy measures such as relaxing the second home loan, reducing business tax and increasing the credit of housing enterprises. On the 21st, the General Office of the State Council issued "Several Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of the Real Estate Market", proposing a number of policies such as supporting housing enterprises to reduce prices and promote sales; On the evening of the 22nd, the central bank announced a rate cut for the fifth time that year, and at the same time lowered the deposit reserve ratio. Among the five key tasks in 2009 assigned by the Central Economic Work Conference at the end of 2008, two of them are related to real estate, "to combine the desire of residents to improve their living conditions reasonably with the role of real estate as a pillar industry"; "Increase the supply of affordable housing, reduce the burden of residents’ reasonable purchase of self-occupied ordinary commodity housing, and give play to the positive role of real estate in expanding domestic demand".

　　In this context, 2009 will be a crucial year to accelerate the construction of affordable housing. Qi Ji, deputy director of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, believes that increasing the supply of affordable housing will make many low-income groups no longer be mixed with the supply targets of the commercial housing market, which is conducive to stabilizing the price of the commercial housing market. Relevant experts believe that the policy orientation of combining "satisfying residents’ desire to improve their living conditions reasonably" with "giving full play to the role of the pillar industry of real estate" and emphasizing "protecting people’s livelihood" at the same time of "promoting growth" will enable China’s real estate market to walk on two legs, and its future development will be more stable and standardized.

　　Change of demand: "De-foaming" can stimulate the return of "rigid demand" in the market.

　　A fact that is more comforting than various favorable and warm-up policies is that the desire and demand of China people to improve their housing conditions still exist rigidly. The sales of some well-known large-scale and some small-sized properties with large discounts have become a proof of the "rigid demand" for residents to improve their housing conditions.

　　However, there are signs that a large number of property buyers are still on the sidelines. The 2009 Blue Book of Economy published by China Academy of Social Sciences pointed out that in 2009, it is still difficult for real estate demanders to get out of the wait-and-see situation in a short period of time. Real estate speculators will withdraw from the market to varying degrees due to the decline in speculative ability, and the demand for self-occupation of first-time home buyers will be more cautious. Real housing demanders who remain in the market will put forward higher requirements for real estate products.

　　"The reason why ordinary people will wait and see is because the current housing prices are still far higher than the expectations of ordinary people." Wang Shengxue, president of Shaanxi Real Estate Research Association, believes that the current situation shows that the era of real estate profiteering is gone forever. If developers want to tide over the difficulties, they must reasonably control profit margins and win market recognition by "defoaming" housing prices.

　　However, although the housing market has turned around and walked away, an interest pattern that has not been shaken so far is that the cost of land acquisition and various "public relations" costs still account for 50% or even higher of the price composition of commercial housing. "We can cut profits, but gray costs cannot be compressed." At the end of the year and the beginning of the year, a real estate agent explained why he was still carrying the price down.

　　Real estate developers will die, and buyers will certainly die. The once-sung "Don’t sell after death" sound is still ringing in the stock market, and the clanging sound of "Don’t buy after death" seems to ring again in the property market. Relevant persons pointed out that when the "dream of living in peace" of thousands of households still has to be blended with the "land finance" of local governments in the housing market, the "blowout" of housing demand in the market will probably become a long wait. (Reporter Shi Zhiyong)

Editor: Gao Song

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High temperature ｜ The body sensation in the south is over 60℃, and the ＂sauna mode＂ is uninterrupted for 24 hours.

On July 15th, at Huzhou West Railway Station, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, the shunting crew washed their faces with water. Vision china Since July, the high temperature in China has been fierce, Shanghai has tied the record of the highest temperature in a hundred years, many cases of heatstroke have occurred, and fresh food has been cooked naturally. After a short interval of high temperature, a new round of high temperature weather will come back on July 20, which will affect more than 17 provinces and cities such as Zhejiang and Fujian. It will not only affect a wide range, but also have a long standby time. Most areas in the south will carry out high temperature battles until the end of July. Compared with the last high temperature range, the core area of this high temperature is relatively south, and the extreme high temperature weather in southern Zhejiang and Fujian is now broken.

The weather network map of China will start on July 21st, and a large range of high temperature weather will make a comeback. Zhang Juan, a meteorologist of China Weather Network, said that this round of high-temperature weather has the characteristics of wide coverage and strong local intensity, and will sweep across more than 17 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in China. Until the end of July, there will be a wide range of persistent high-temperature weather above 35℃ in Nanjiang Basin, western Inner Mongolia, Jianghan, Jianghuai, Jiangnan, South China and Chongqing, with the highest temperature in Nanjiang Basin, western Inner Mongolia, Zhejiang and Fujian reaching above 40℃. Intermittent high temperature weather will also appear in southern North China, Huanghuai, Shaanxi and other places.

On July 15th, in Kunming, at noon, the sun was scorching and the outdoor ultraviolet rays were strong, so people who traveled started the sun protection mode one after another. Vision china diagram

On July 20th, in Xiamen, at Haicang Fire Training Base, a firefighter was sweating profusely after a contest of actual combat training. People’s visual map

On July 19th, the staff of Hainan Qionghai Power Supply Bureau of Southern Power Grid in Jiaji Town, qionghai city, Hainan Province, were soaked with sweat after their homework. Vision china map until the end of July, the southern region will maintain a state of high temperature and high humidity, and many places may feel over 60℃, and the "sauna room" will be available 24 hours a day. In hot and humid environment, people are more prone to heatstroke. Severe heatstroke, also known as heatstroke, can cause death. Heat stroke disease is mainly caused by the imbalance of the body’s regulatory function when the human body is exposed to high temperature and high humidity. Heat generation is greater than heat dissipation, which will lead to a rapid increase in the core temperature. In particular, outdoor work in high temperature and high humidity environment and people with weak constitution, such as the elderly and children, are more prone to heat stroke.

On July 20, there were few tourists in Shanghai and Lujiazui, Pudong, and the street citizens hurried under the scorching sun. Vision china diagram

On July 17th, the high temperature continued in Hangzhou, and the Hangzhou Library was packed. On a hot summer day, many citizens choose to come to the library to improve their learning efficiency in a cool environment, to find coolness in the book, and to study in the summer. Vision china diagram

On July 15th, in the overall relocation construction project site of Daoxian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Yongzhou City, Hunan Province, the builders flushed water to relieve the summer heat during work. Compared with the high temperature process in the first half of July, the core area of this high temperature process will be relatively south, which is related to the south position of the subtropical high. Among them, some areas in southern Zhejiang and Fujian may break through the extreme value. The highest temperature in Ningde on the 23rd can even reach 43℃. Lishui, where there have been cases of heatstroke, will have a 40℃ high temperature N combo from this weekend to early next week.

On July 20th, Hangzhou returned to high temperature. At noon, when the sun was the fiercest, bodybuilders were sunbathing on the outdoor swimming pool platform of Metropark Hotel on Pinghai Road to get a healthy tan. Vision china diagram

On July 16, Qionghai, Hainan, tourists surfed and played in Boao seaside. The day was the first day of the ambush, and many places in China entered the "sauna mode". The highest temperature in Hainan reached about 35 degrees Celsius. Vision china map (this article is from The Paper, please download the "The Paper" APP for more original information).

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＂Subsidize＂ New Deal Implementing New Energy Vehicles in June to Accelerate ＂Survival of the fittest＂

　　The subsidy standard for new energy vehicles has once again ushered in a major revision.

　　A few days ago, the Ministry of Finance and other four departments issued the Notice on Adjusting and Perfecting the Financial Subsidy Policy for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles (hereinafter referred to as the Notice), which improved the existing subsidy policy for new energy vehicles, including subsidy standards, cruising range and technical requirements. However, the New Deal has set up a transitional period. During the transitional period before June 11th, the licensed new energy passenger cars and buses will be subsidized by 0.7 times of the previous corresponding standards, and the new energy trucks and special vehicles will be subsidized by 0.4 times. The subsidy standard for fuel cell vehicles will remain unchanged.

　　Industry analysts pointed out that the new policy strongly supports fuel cell vehicles, encourages the development of high-end passenger cars, and further raises the energy density threshold requirements of pure electric passenger cars, which will accelerate the survival of the fittest of new energy vehicles and will be extremely beneficial to the entire new energy automobile industry.

　　Greatly strengthen technical requirements

　　Compared with the existing subsidy standards, the biggest change in the Notice is the substantial improvement of technical requirements, that is, cruising range.

　　At present, new energy passenger cars are divided into three subsidies according to the driving mileage, 100≤ R＜150、150≤ R < 250 and R≥ 250, the subsidy amount is 20,000 yuan, 36,000 yuan and 44,000 yuan respectively. However, the new standards to be implemented will no longer be so general.

　　Among them, the cruising range of 100&le was cancelled; The subsidy for R < 150, that is, the driving range of pure electric passenger cars is less than 150km, will not be subsidized, which will eliminate a number of A00-class cars with low technical content. At the same time, for 150≤ R < 250 is split into two files for subsidy, 150≤ R < 200 subsidy is 15,000 yuan, 200≤ R < 250 subsidy is 24,000 yuan. And the driving range R≥ The subsidy of 250 is split into three grades, 250≤ The subsidy for R < 300 is 34,000 yuan, 300≤ R < 400 subsidy is 45,000 yuan, R≥ The subsidy of 400 is 50,000 yuan.

　　At the same time, the technical standards have also been greatly strengthened. The driving range of pure electric passenger cars is m≤ 1000kg、1000＜m≤ The coefficients of 1600kg and m > 1600 kg are all lowered, and the subsidy requirements for 100 km power consumption are put forward; The fuel consumption limit of plug-in hybrid passenger cars is less than 65%.

　　In the field of new energy buses, the subsidy standard has been greatly reduced. Among them, the subsidy for non-fast-charging pure electric buses was reduced from 1800 yuan /kWh to 1200 yuan /kWh, a decrease of 33%; The subsidy for fast-charging pure electric buses is reduced from 3,000 yuan /kWh to 2,100 yuan /kWh, a decrease of 30%; The plug-in hybrid vehicle is lowered to 1,500 yuan /kWh, and the decline is as high as 50%. On the other hand, the energy consumption per unit load (Ekg) is clearly required not to be higher than 0.21 Wh/km kg, and the index is improved by 12.5% at one time.

　　In addition, the subsidy standard for new energy trucks and special vehicles is subsidized according to the total storage capacity of power batteries, and the part below 30 (including) kWh is adjusted to 850 yuan /kWh, down by 43.33%; The part of 30 ~ 50 (inclusive) kWh is adjusted to 750 yuan /kWh, with a decrease of 37.5%; The part above 50kWh is adjusted to 650 yuan /kWh, with a decrease of 35%.

　　The real "test period" of car companies has arrived.

　　"The subsidy for new energy passenger cars should be said to be the core focus of this round of subsidy adjustment. The change in the subsidy standard for a new round of new energy vehicles in 2018 is mainly in the improvement of the cruising range standard of passenger cars and the improvement of energy density. It should be said that it is a good way to promote product upgrading." Cui Dongshu, Secretary-General of the Association, said that this reflected the great support and promotion for product upgrading on the basis of the downward trend of the overall subsidy standard.

　　According to the data of the Federation, according to the data of new energy passenger cars in January, according to the new standard, the subsidies for most models are concentrated at the level of 15,000 yuan, accounting for about 60%, while the vehicles with a distance of 200 km to 250 km account for about 10%. Overall, 60% of subsidies are at the lowest level. This also means that there will be greater pressure on product upgrading in the future.

　　For example, in the case of GAC New Energy GE3, the subsidy during the transition period is 33,800 yuan, which will be increased to 45,000 yuan after the implementation of the new standards.

　　Some analysts pointed out that the promulgation of the Notice means that the new energy automobile industry has gradually entered the post-subsidy era, and the policy is gradually guiding the market to gradually shift from relying solely on financial subsidies to truly realizing market-oriented operation, which will further aggravate polarization and eliminate some enterprises with low technical content.

　　However, will the drastic adjustment of technical standards have an impact on the market?

　　According to the requirements of the Notice, the new regulations set up a transition period. As of June 11th this year, new energy passenger cars and buses licensed during the transition period will be subsidized by 0.7 times of the corresponding standards, while new energy trucks and special vehicles will be subsidized by 0.4 times. The subsidy standard for fuel cell vehicles will remain unchanged.

　　Cui Dongshu pointed out that the phased implementation of subsidies is very good for promoting the industry, which realizes the effective continuity of supply and demand of products sold in the market. With the introduction of this new subsidy policy, the new product design will be gradually put in place in the first half of the year. The implementation of the new subsidy policy in the second half of the year will greatly promote the product upgrading of new energy vehicles and the core competitiveness of enterprises.

　　Vigorously cut off "local protection"

　　In addition to improving the subsidy standards, the Notice also re-emphasized the need to break local protection and establish a unified market.

　　It is clearly pointed out that all localities are not allowed to take any form of local protection measures, including but not limited to setting up local catalogues or filing, restricting the issuance of subsidy funds, repeating the inspection of new energy vehicles, requiring production enterprises to set up factories locally, and requiring vehicle manufacturers to purchase local parts and components. Where local protection acts are identified by relevant departments, the central finance will deduct the funds for charging infrastructure awards accordingly according to the circumstances. All localities should implement support measures such as exemption from restrictions, exemption from purchase restrictions, and issuance of special number plates for new energy vehicles without discrimination for new energy vehicle products listed in the Announcement of Vehicle Manufacturers and Products.

　　At present, the filing system has been cancelled in some places one after another. On February 26th, the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission, the Economic and Information Commission, the Finance Bureau, the Urban Management Commission and the Transportation Commission issued the "Administrative Measures for Promoting and Applying New Energy Vehicles in Beijing", which clearly cancelled the "small catalogue" of new energy vehicles in Beijing, but plug-in hybrid vehicles still cannot use the new energy minibus index to buy cars.

　　At the same time, the "Notice" requires local governments to continuously increase infrastructure construction and improve the use environment of new energy vehicles. From 2018, the local purchase subsidy funds for new energy vehicles will gradually be transferred to support the construction and operation of charging infrastructure and the use and operation of new energy vehicles.

　　The analysis pointed out that the release of the Notice is expected to further promote the upgrading of the entire new energy vehicle field, and at the same time optimize and ensure the smooth operation of the market in the first half of this year. It is expected that high-end electric passenger cars will usher in comprehensive and rapid development in the next year.

　　■ Related news

　　A new batch of 207 models

　　Enter the purchase tax-free catalogue

　　A few days ago, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the State Administration of Taxation published the Catalogue of New Energy Vehicles Exempted from Vehicle Purchase Tax (the sixteenth batch), which was also the first batch of new energy vehicles exempted from purchase tax in China in 2018. A total of 207 vehicles were shortlisted, including pure electric, plug-in hybrid and biofuel cell vehicles.

　　In terms of electric vehicles, a total of 49 pure electric passenger cars were shortlisted, including GAC New Energy, BYD, GAC New Energy, Haima Automobile and Jianghuai Automobile. There are 72 models of pure electric buses, including Beiqi Foton, Jinlong and Dongfeng Motor. There are 64 types of pure electric vehicles, including Dongfeng Motor, BYD, Universiade, and so on.

　　In terms of plug-in hybrid power, 14 passenger car models were shortlisted, including GAC Mitsubishi, SAIC, Geely Automobile, etc., including BYD Tang, GAC Mitsubishi Qizhi, Emgrand PHEV and Sonata PHEV, which are popular in the market; In terms of passenger cars, there are 6 finalists.

　　Judging from the cruising range of these new energy vehicles, the overall growth continues, especially for pure electric vehicles. The data shows that the average of the 14th batch of pure electric passenger cars in China is 248km, while the 16th batch of catalogues released this year is 256km, with an average of more than 250km. The cruising range of new pure electric vehicles is greatly improved.

　　Nanfang Daily reporter Guo Xiaoge

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The fundamentals of the real estate industry have remained unchanged for a long time.

Wang Lixin

On November 10th, Pan Gongsheng, Governor of the People’s Bank of China and Director of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, said in an interview with Xinhua News Agency that the risks of real estate finance and local debt were generally controllable.

In my opinion, the current risks related to the real estate industry deserve high attention, but there is no need to be too pessimistic about the development prospects of the industry. In the medium and long term, there is a great demand for improved housing for residents’ families. Chinese-style modernization and new urbanization will bring continuous incremental housing demand, and the reconstruction of villages in megacities under the new model will also bring new opportunities, and the fundamentals supporting the real estate industry to stabilize and improve have not changed.

At the macro level, the policy of stabilizing the economy continues to exert its strength, and residents’ income expectations are improving, which provides strong support for the stabilization and recovery of the real estate market. From the GDP growth of 4.9% in the third quarter, it can be seen that China’s economy is recovering well. Although the real estate has not come out of the downturn, the transaction volume of new houses in key first-and second-tier cities has recovered, and the industry is expected to be gradually restored, stabilized and rebounded.

First of all, the real estate policy still has further expectations.Since the end of August, many departments and places in China have intensively introduced policies to moderately optimize and adjust the real estate, and policies such as "recognizing houses without recognizing loans", relaxing purchase restrictions, lowering interest rates, and returning the multi-city land market to "the highest bidder" have been intensively implemented, and their efforts have been significantly enhanced. The continuous use of the policy toolbox "because of the city’s policy" has created conditions for meeting the release of just-needed and improved housing demand, and opened up space for the stabilization of property market transactions in various places.

Judging from the recent statements of the central bank and relevant departments, the idea of relevant financial measures to support the stable and healthy development of the real estate market in the next stage has been clear. On the one hand, policies such as residents’ housing credit and housing financing still have further expectations, such as reducing residents’ housing purchase costs and increasing housing financing support; On the other hand, the financial supporting policies for the "three major projects" of affordable housing, urban village reconstruction and "flat and emergency" public infrastructure construction are also expected to accelerate, which is expected to play an important role in stabilizing investment in the future, and will also play a positive role in restoring and stabilizing real estate sales.

Secondly, the work of "guaranteeing the delivery of buildings" has been solidly promoted, and the confidence of the industry has been boosted to some extent.At present, "guaranteed delivery building" is an important event in promoting the stable and healthy development of the real estate market and plays a key role in restoring housing consumption confidence. Since July 2022, when the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Conference first put forward the task of "guaranteeing the delivery of property", various financial services such as "guaranteeing the delivery of property" special loan and "guaranteeing the delivery of property" loan support plan have followed suit, and relevant departments have also guided commercial banks to provide supporting financing support.

In addition to financial support, local governments and housing enterprises are also paying attention to the reform of the pre-sale system and encouraging the sale of existing homes. According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, in the first nine months of this year, the sales area of existing commercial houses nationwide was 130 million square meters, up 21.2% year-on-year, accounting for 17.9% of the total sales area, up 4 percentage points from the end of 2022. Theoretically, the sale of existing homes is the fundamental measure to prevent the unfinished property. Taking some projects in some cities as the pilot of existing home sales can also boost industry confidence and fundamental recovery.

第三，信用风险正在逐步出清，行业基本面逐步改善。进入11月份以来，万科债券出现非理性波动，深圳国资委明确表示支持万科，称其具备足够的安全性。随后，万科、金地于11月9日及10日相继发布赎回及债券兑付公告，市场暂时恢复平静。此外，今年以来，融创中国等出险房企债务重组方案也多顺利通过。

无论是大股东支持，还是化债取得关键进展，大型房企稳住经营基本盘，可助力行业进一步抽丝剥茧地切实改善基本面，从而防范化解房地产领域的金融风险。当然，企业层面也需要逐步向规范化、多元化、轻量化方向转型，以长期视角探寻新发展模式，比如在碳中和、建筑施工、资产管理、养老服务等细分赛道创新商业模式，引领行业升级发展。

树木因相依而生长，星辰因辉映而璀璨。当前房地产行业正在进行重大转型并寻找新的均衡点，希望在各方聚力下，尽快实现从“信心修复”到“行业康复”，步入健康发展新阶段。

图片 | 站酷海洛

制作 | 张文玲

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The fundamentals of the real estate industry have remained unchanged for a long time.

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