"It is our greatest wish for children to grow up better." On the eve of International Children’s Day on June 1, 2013, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said when he participated in the team day with the theme of "Happy Childhood, Flying Hope".
Children are the future of the motherland and the hope of the Chinese nation. The education of children bears the future of the country and the expectations of the people; The care and protection of children’s physical and mental health needs to mobilize the strength and action of the whole society; The cultivation and guidance of children need to create a fair and harmonious social mechanism and humanistic environment.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee, with the Supreme Leader as the general secretary, has attached great importance to the construction of China’s young pioneers and cared for the healthy growth of children, which has pointed out the direction for the development of China’s children’s career under the new situation.
"From the family to the school, from the government to the society, we must take responsibility for the safety, health and growth of children and jointly hold up the hope of tomorrow." (2016 Government Work Report)
Prosperous education leads to prosperity, while strong education leads to a strong country.
A century-long plan, education-oriented. Children are the flowers of the motherland and the future of society. Children’s education is related to the great cause of national prosperity, the cornerstone of national rejuvenation and the well-being of hundreds of millions of families. The CPC Central Committee has always attached great importance to children’s education. Especially during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, promoting the modernization of education, vigorously developing preschool education and accelerating the balanced development of basic public education have become the top priorities in the development of children’s education.
In April 2013, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out in his congratulatory letter to Tsinghua University: "Education determines the present and future of mankind. Human society needs to continuously cultivate talents needed by society through education, and it needs to teach what is known, update old knowledge, explore new knowledge and explore the unknown through education, so that people can better understand and transform the world and better create a better future for mankind. "
"China has made unremitting efforts to promote education informatization and strive to expand the coverage of quality education resources by means of informatization. Through the informationization of education, we will gradually narrow the digital gap between regions and urban and rural areas, vigorously promote educational equity, and let hundreds of millions of children share quality education under the blue sky and change their destiny through knowledge. " General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has repeatedly stressed the need to "pay more attention to poverty alleviation through education".
Hubei province Enshi autonomous prefecture Hefeng county Yanzi town nation central school
Walking into the National Center School of Yanzi Town, Hefeng County, Enshi Prefecture, Hubei Province, is like being in a colorful sea of flowers and a tree-lined park. Newly-built student apartments, teachers’ turnover rooms and beautiful central kindergartens in the distance have all been put into use.
"Now my brother and I don’t have to pay tuition and book fees, and each has a subsidy of 1,250 yuan every year, which reduces the burden on my father." Lin Jing, a ninth-grade student at the school, said. Lin Jing and her younger brother are children of poor households who have set up a card in the school. Her mother died unfortunately last year, her grandmother was old, and her father had to support four people in the family.
There are more than 10,000 students like Lin Jing in Hefeng County. In 2015, the county distributed 17,812,900 yuan of funds for poverty alleviation through education, and the county-level finance raised 2.04 million yuan by itself to help poor students who did not enjoy special funds.
General Secretary of the Supreme Leader once said that poverty alleviation must help the wisdom, so that children in poverty-stricken areas can receive a good education, which is an important task of poverty alleviation and development and an important way to block the intergenerational transmission of poverty. "Curing fools" and "supporting wisdom" are basically the development of education.
In December, 2015, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China the State Council’s Decision on Winning the Fight against Poverty", and poverty alleviation through education was entrusted with the mission of "blocking the intergenerational transmission of poverty", and its realization path was described as "enabling children from poor families to receive fair and quality education".
On March 5, 2016, Premier Li Keqiang proposed in his government work report that public education investment should be more inclined to the central and western regions and remote and poor areas. Unify the funding guarantee mechanism for compulsory education in urban and rural areas and improve the running conditions of weak schools and boarding schools.
Ankang city, Shaanxi province, which has "eight mountains, one water and one field", has 10 counties and districts under its jurisdiction, all of which are concentrated contiguous destitute areas of Qinba Mountain. At present, there are 157 newly-built public kindergartens in the city. The gross enrollment rate of preschool education is 94.63%, and the enrollment rate of junior high school graduates is 95.11%, which is 44.63 and 23.31 percentage points higher than that in 2010.
In Xinjiang, in order to promote the development of education in the four southern Xinjiang prefectures, the central and autonomous regional governments have continuously increased investment in education and gradually established a relatively complete student financial aid system. At present, four states in southern Xinjiang have achieved 14 years of free education.
A total of 63 counties in Guangxi have implemented nutrition improvement plans, benefiting nearly 1.6 million students from 8795 schools, and the coverage rate of "canteen feeding" is close to 90%.
Jilin launched the full coverage of poverty alleviation through education, and established the twinning relationship between education at all levels and the twinning relationship between students.
During the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, 24 Siyuan experimental schools were built in Hainan Province, and 14 rural primary and secondary schools were rebuilt and expanded, providing more than 50,000 degrees for primary and secondary school students in poverty-stricken areas. The enrollment rate of primary school-age children and junior high school students in poor areas reached 98.2% and 96.3% respectively.
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"Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Ministry of Education has adopted unconventional policy measures, accurately focused on every school, every teacher and every child in poverty-stricken areas, initiated the implementation of full coverage of poverty alleviation through education, and successively organized and implemented 20 policies and measures to benefit the people through education. It has achieved all-round coverage of education and poverty alleviation in the fields of compulsory education popularization, school infrastructure construction, student financial assistance system, teacher team construction, ethnic education development, and vocational education promotion in poverty-stricken areas. " In October 2015, Xie Huanzhong, Director of the Development Planning Department of the Ministry of Education, made a speech at the press conference of the Ministry of Education, which made people feel the temperature and intensity of poverty alleviation through education again.
The Outline of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan points out that preschool education should be developed and inclusive kindergartens should be encouraged. Improve the funding methods to achieve full coverage of financial assistance for students with financial difficulties.
In July 2015, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Education jointly formulated and issued the Measures for the Administration of Funds Supported by the Central Government for the Development of Preschool Education, which clarified that the funds mainly supported the difficult provinces in the central and western regions and tilted towards rural, remote, poor and ethnic minority areas.
In February this year, after expert evaluation, the Ministry of Education determined that 36 areas, including Shunyi District, Beijing, had become national experimental areas for preschool education reform and development.
"The tuition here is less than that in 400 yuan for one semester, and the conditions are not much different from those in urban kindergartens." Benefiting from the national pre-school education support policy, the first public park was built in Gaowan Village, Chuan Township, Jingning County, Pingliang City, Gansu Province. Three-and-a-half-year-old Gao Xukun followed her mother who was working in Xinjiang back to her hometown and happily became the first batch of children to enter the park here.
According to the investigation of the special evaluation group of preschool education organized by the Ministry of Education, since 2009, the gross enrollment rate of preschool education in China has shown a rapid growth trend. In 2014, the gross enrollment rate of preschool education in three years was 70.5%, which was 19.6 percentage points higher than that in 2009. The total number of kindergartens in the country increased by 51.88%; The number of classes, full-time teachers and nurses increased by 59.26%, 87.05% and 59.75% respectively.
From 2011 to 2014, there were 43,131 new kindergartens in China, and the increase in rural kindergartens was significantly higher than that in urban areas, accounting for 71.52%. Among them, 19,672 public parks were added, mainly distributed in towns and villages, accounting for 88.17%. Public parks, public kindergartens (including parks run by enterprises and institutions and collective kindergartens) and inclusive private kindergartens constitute inclusive preschool education resources with Chinese characteristics. The construction of public service network for preschool education with public welfare and inclusiveness has achieved initial results.
"Actively support enterprises and institutions to start kindergartens, take measures purchased by the government to support private kindergartens, and run preschool classes in qualified primary schools." Yuan Guiren, Minister of Education, put forward various feasible methods for the degree increment of preschool education, which reflected the supply-side thinking of preschool education development.
At the same time, the government’s investment in preschool education is also considerable. From 2010 to 2014, the central government invested more than 69 billion yuan, driving the local government to invest more than 200 billion yuan. The proportion of financial preschool education funds increased from 1.7% in 2010 to 3.5% in 2013. For a long time, the situation of insufficient financial input in preschool education has been obviously improved.
In addition, governments at all levels, from central to local, are also strengthening the construction of management systems for kindergarten admission, fees and sanitation, and have intensively promulgated a series of laws, regulations, policies and regulations, which have raised the level of preschool education legislation, standardized preschool education and improved governance capacity.
Classroom in Jiangbei District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province
Electronic whiteboard, information sharing, educational cloud … These new words in the process of educational modernization are not unfamiliar to most students in Jiangbei District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province. Even in rural schools such as Cicheng Middle School, you can still see advanced electronic whiteboard classrooms. In the past six years, Jiangbei District has invested about 10 million yuan to build more than 200 smart classrooms, and 80% of the classrooms have installed electronic whiteboards. In addition, Jiangbei Education Data Center, Jiangbei Education Network, Jiangbei Education Public Service Platform and Jiangbei Education Cloud Sharing Platform based on Jiangbei Education Basic Database have been built.
The "Outline of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" proposes to fully implement the Party’s educational policy, adhere to the priority development of education, accelerate the improvement of the modern education system, comprehensively improve the quality of education, promote educational equity, and cultivate socialist builders and successors with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique and beauty.
Yuan Guiren, Minister of Education, said in an interview with reporters that it is necessary to speed up the implementation of the construction projects of "connecting schools with broadband network", "connecting classes with high-quality resources" and "connecting everyone with online learning space", develop online education and modern distance education, and provide more learning opportunities for everyone through platforms such as love courses, school online and good university online.
Hefei Xiyuan Xincun Primary School has promoted modern education in an all-round way for many years, and gradually realized the informationization and paperless campus. There are 30,000 books in the school’s cloud library and e-books, and the video of the excellent course network has been downloaded for more than a thousand times.
Ruhe Road Primary School, Erqi District, Zhengzhou City, promotes classroom reform and enhances students’ learning ability with educational informationization.
In May this year, the Education Department of Jiangsu Province reached an agreement with an education group to cooperate deeply in the field of smart education construction and build an educational information system that "everyone can learn, learn everywhere and learn from time to time".
In 2014-2015, the Collaborative Innovation Center for Balanced Development of Informatization and Basic Education of Huazhong Normal University conducted a pilot project in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, and built a "digital school for rural teaching points" by means of informatization, so that more rural children can enjoy high-quality curriculum resources like children in cities and towns.
Educational modernization is a higher level of educational development in a country, which transcends traditional education. It includes educational concepts, educational systems, educational contents, educational equipment, educational systems and teachers. Important progress in educational modernization means that lifelong learning opportunities for all people are further expanded, the quality of education is comprehensively improved, the fruits of educational development are fairer, the ability of educational innovation is significantly improved, and the educational system is more mature and stereotyped.
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