Grade two students of Guihuaping Primary School in Yangtianhu, Tianxin District, Changsha, Hunan Province jump rope in physical education class. Xinhua news agency
Students in the primary school affiliated to Huazhong Normal University in Wuhan, Hubei Province are learning programming. Xinhua news agency
At Yunding Primary School in Liangjiang, Shuitu Street, Beibei District, Chongqing, children play Rubik’s Cube under the guidance of their teachers. Xinhua news agency
[News investigation, paying attention to students’ double burden reduction 11]
Less than half a month after the start of school, many parents and students have actually realized the changes brought about by the "double reduction" — — There are more after-school services in schools, and students spend more time at school; There are fewer homework assignments, and they are all finished at school. In the past, there were fewer scenes of "tutoring homework, chickens flying and dogs jumping" in the family, and the anxiety of rushing on the tutoring road was less, replaced by relaxed and pleasant parent-child time.
On the one hand, parents lament that the pace of children’s study and life has finally returned to the right track; On the other hand, the reporter noticed that some parents who just got off the anxious "educational chariot" still have doubts in their hearts — — "Children always have to face the selection exam. How long can this rhythm last?"
Examination is always the baton to test the learning achievement. In the opinion of "double reduction", there is such a statement about "examination evaluation method": "Deepen the reform of high school enrollment, gradually increase the proportion of high-quality ordinary high school enrollment indicators allocated to junior high schools in the region, and standardize the enrollment order of ordinary high schools." In the new senior high school entrance examination schemes issued by Beijing, Shanghai, Liaoning and other provinces and cities, there have also been some reform measures, such as increasing the number of "school places to school", open-book examinations for some subjects, canceling the 100-point system for examinations for some subjects and adopting "grade scoring" (scores are divided into several grades of ABCD), and increasing process evaluation.
Today, with more examination evaluation methods, can these measures dispel parents’ doubts and restore a good education and teaching ecology? The reporter interviewed relevant experts and representatives of teachers and students.
Whether to put the burden back, many parents are waiting to see.
The reporter learned in the interview that many parents expressed their confidence in the current reform, but some parents still have concerns. Parents’ worries fall into two categories, one is "worrying about daily life" and the other is "worrying about the future".
Mars, the mother of Doudou, a first-grade elementary school student in Dongcheng District, Beijing, is the representative of parents who are worried about their daily life. Since Doudou was three and a half years old, her road to "chicken baby" has begun. After the introduction of the "double reduction" policy, Doudou’s training courses were changed from six to three, only mathematics, piano and calligraphy were retained, and "Chinese, English and eloquence" were dropped. However, together with other parents, she bought a lot of test papers and textbooks and decided to "add some homework" to her children.
"Why should we take the initiative to increase the burden on our children?" The reporter asked inexplicably. Mars’s answer represents the voice of some parents: "Without exams and rankings, I have no idea about the basic level of children. What level is my child in the class? Have you made any progress in your study every once in a while? If I don’t understand, I can’t predict his future, and I can’t make a path suitable for him. I bought him a paper in order to grasp his learning level in time and have a panoramic view of his every growth. "
As a result, today, the market order of training courses is gradually standardized, but the market of teaching AIDS is gradually "hot". The reporter found that some teaching AIDS have sold hundreds of thousands of papers on the online platform every month. Along with the test paper, there is also "problem-solving analysis". Most of them will provide a two-dimensional code at the same time, giving a video of tutoring teachers for a few minutes to attract students to report further.
Another kind of parents are "worried about the future", and their worries are mainly reflected in the examination evaluation. Jiang Lin, a parent of a third-grade primary school student in Xicheng District, Beijing, told the reporter: "Whether it is the senior high school entrance examination or the college entrance examination, it is a fierce exam. Teachers used to say ‘ One point one playground ’ , even if not today ‘ Every penny counts ’ Yes, but there will always be children who can’t go to their favorite school because of the difference in scores. There will always be children going to Peking University and vocational high schools. Personally, I still hope my children can go to ‘ 985’ ‘ Double first class ’ 。” Therefore, the "strings" in these parents’ hearts dare not relax.
Although in the interview, these parents also admitted that the process evaluation, grading and other methods gave their children a "fault tolerance rate" and bid farewell to the possible errors caused by "one exam for life", they are still waiting and waiting to see whether the burden of learning should be "pressed" back to their children at any time in the future.
What is reduced is the burden on students, and what should be "added" is the quality of classroom learning
Gu Mingyuan, an educator and a senior professor at Beijing Normal University, understands these parents’ worries, but he believes that we should first see the gratifying changes in school education and understand the significance of these changes. "There is no need to repeat the heavy burden brought by the disorderly development of off-campus training before, and the students can be said to be physically and mentally exhausted. Today, the country proposed ‘ Double subtraction ’ It is mainly to reduce the heavy academic burden, and at the same time, let the quality of education in the school reach a new level, ensure that children spend the time and energy saved in the most worthwhile places, and also reassure parents. " Gu Mingyuan said.
He believes that this is an inevitable stage of reform and development. "If the quality of education and teaching in the school is high, the children will learn how to learn in the school. At the same time, the hierarchical teaching will allow the children to have their own space to play. In this way, their interest in learning will increase, and they will change from passive learning to active learning. Do parents still need to worry about their future? Do you still need to make plans for them step by step? " Gu Mingyuan said. He suggested that parents change their ideas, and family education should focus on cultivating children’s study habits and interest.
Davi He, a special-grade teacher in Beijing and the leader of Chinese subject in middle schools, also believes that the reform must have a gradual process, and efforts to improve the quality of education in schools are the future direction. "In fact, we can see from the changes in the wording of the document how heavy the burden on children was before. We talked about ‘ Reduce the burden ’ , said is ‘ Reduce students’ heavy academic burden ’ , today’s ‘ Double subtraction ’ Policy, to solve the students ‘ Schoolwork burden ’ . It can be seen that the burden on students is no longer ‘ Extra ’ However, it is so heavy that it is not conducive to their physical and mental health and affects the quality of basic education. Parents should know about this situation. For students, ‘ Reduce the burden ’ It is imminent. " Davi He told reporters. He believes that what is reduced is the burden on students, but what should be "added" is the quality of classroom learning. "At school, let the children study ‘ Have enough to eat ’ On the topic ‘ Practice will be thorough ’ The better you learn at school, the more assured parents will be. " Davi He said. He suggested that parents should not take the cultural examination papers too seriously, and let their children learn actively, happily and comprehensively is a good education and teaching ecology.
Improve the process evaluation, and the evaluation results should be "perceptible"
The reform of the examination evaluation system is related to the effect of "double reduction". How to change it and whether it can dispel parents’ worries and doubts? Many places have fresh experience of reform in recent years. For example, Shanghai has implemented a green evaluation system for primary and secondary school students’ academic quality. The whole system consists of ten indexes, such as student academic level index, student learning motivation index, student learning burden index, teacher teaching method index and student moral behavior index. After a period of operation, students’ learning motivation and teacher-student relationship have improved significantly.
However, the reporter learned in the interview that some parents still have "obsession" with scores. Some parents said that "the score is the fairest" and worried that the current methods of "process evaluation" and grading may lead to the phenomenon that everyone is similar and can’t open the contrast, so they dare not relax their pursuit of the score. In this regard, Davi He believes that although the "process evaluation" focuses on daily performance, "students’ attitude towards learning, the state, depth and breadth of learning, and their sense of creativity and strength are different for each child, and parents can certainly see it, and schools can certainly see it. Future for ‘ Process evaluation ’ Relevant policies should be formulated to further refine it and try to make it a more ‘ Perception ’ Evaluation index ".
Chu Zhaohui, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences, talked about an example: When Tsinghua University enrolled overseas students in the United States, young Qian Xuesen signed up for the selection exam, but failed in math. The teachers analyzed Qian Xuesen’s math test paper and found that he wrote the answers without studying calculus. Many solutions were original, and his grades in other subjects were excellent, which finally gave him the opportunity to study in the United States. Chu Zhaohui believes that this is also a kind of "process evaluation": from the students’ problem-solving in the test paper, we can see his potential. He believes that the future "process evaluation" should work in this direction.
Ma Luting, deputy director of the Education Development Research Center of the Ministry of Education, believes that the reform of examination evaluation should also pay attention to "the entrance examination should be conducted according to the characteristics of different students". He believes that in addition to exams, there is also enrollment to be reformed. "The high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education is the cornerstone of the healthy growth of young people, and the connection between junior high school and junior high school should minimize competition. At the same time, the senior high school entrance examination is not a rehearsal of the college entrance examination, nor a selective examination. It should mainly focus on testing the results of students’ compulsory education, and appropriately divert students according to their personality characteristics to promote teaching in accordance with their aptitude. "
Luo Zhimin, a professor at the Institute of Higher Education of Yunnan University, believes that solving the evaluation problem should also strengthen labor education in primary and secondary schools. "Let children learn from life, learn from practice, establish correct values, outlook on success and career, and plant seeds in their hearts as early as possible that are conducive to future all-round development. In this way, parents can also have more confidence in their children’s growth."
(Reporter Yao Xiaodan)
